Exploring the Relationship Between KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF Mutations and Clinical Characteristics in Iranian Colorectal Cancer Patients

Mosaferi, Zahra; Pirestani, Majid; Arefian, Ehsan; Gojani, Goli; Kavousinasab, Nastaran; Karimi, Parto; Deilami, Azam; Abrehdari-Tafreshi, Zahra

doi:10.1007/s12029-024-01064-0

Cited by 2 publications

References 68 publications

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Molecular Signatures

Bhardwaj,

Gupta

2025

Advances in Medical Diagnosis, Treatment, and Care

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The discovery of biomarkers has revolutionized the field of oncology, providing critical insights into the processes of tumour initiation and progression. Biomarkers, which can be genetic, proteomic, or metabolic in nature, serve as vital indicators for early cancer detection, prognosis, and personalized treatment strategies. Tumour initiation undergoes various stages characterized by alterations in the tumour microenvironment, angiogenesis, and ultimately metastasis. Understanding these processes at the molecular level is crucial for identifying reliable biomarkers. Recent advances in high-throughput technologies such as next-generation sequencing, mass spectrometry, and advanced imaging techniques have significantly enhanced the ability to discover and validate new biomarkers. Despite the promising advancements, challenges remain in the translation of biomarker discoveries into clinical practice. This chapter provides a detailed current state of biomarker discovery, highlighting key findings and future directions in this rapidly evolving field.

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Molecular Signatures

Bhardwaj,

Gupta

2025

Advances in Medical Diagnosis, Treatment, and Care

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Correlation between molecular markers and clinical pathology in colorectal cancer

Zhu,

Xing,

Ding

et al. 2024

JGSR

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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Immunohistochemical detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) plays a key role in guiding targeted therapy and assessing clinicopathological characteristics.This review focuses on the key immunohistochemical markers such as HER2, KRAS, NRAS, BRAF and PD-L1, and discusses the selection of targeted therapy drugs and the clinicopathological relationship.The overexpression of HER2 is associated with the invasion, metastasis and poor prognosis of CRC.Her2-targeted drugs such as trastuzumab provide a new way for the treatment.KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF mutations are similarly associated with a poor prognosis in CRC, but currently targeted agents targeting these mutations have had limited efficacy.As an immune checkpoint molecule, the high expression of PD-L1 is related to the immune response and prognosis of CRC.PD-L1 inhibitors have become an important tool for immunotherapy.Through the detection of these indicators, doctors can more accurately evaluate the tumor characteristics and prognosis of CRC patients, and formulate personalized treatment plans for patients.These immunohistochemical markers not only provide a basis for targeted therapy of CRC, but also deepen our understanding of the clinicopathological characteristics of CRC.</span></p>

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Exploring the Relationship Between KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF Mutations and Clinical Characteristics in Iranian Colorectal Cancer Patients

Cited by 2 publications

References 68 publications

Molecular Signatures

Molecular Signatures

Correlation between molecular markers and clinical pathology in colorectal cancer

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