2012
DOI: 10.1007/s11024-012-9196-4
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Export Controls and the Tensions Between Academic Freedom and National Security

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Cited by 27 publications
(16 citation statements)
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“…This thwarting of public values can happen in federal laboratories as well. For example, if technology transfer activities undermine national security then there has been a supplanting of public values (Mowery, 1988;Aronowitz, 1999;Jaffe and Lerner, 2001;Kassicieh et al, 2002;Evans and Valdivia, 2012). Likewise, if the private entrepreneurship enabled under the Stevenson-Wydler Act (U.S. Congress, 1980Congress, , 1984aCongress, ,b, 1986 were to diminish the core research capabilities of federal laboratories' corporate research mission, here, too, would be a thwarting of public values (see Coursey and Bozeman, 1992;Butler and Birley, 1998).…”
Section: Public Value Criterion For Technology Transfer Effectivenessmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This thwarting of public values can happen in federal laboratories as well. For example, if technology transfer activities undermine national security then there has been a supplanting of public values (Mowery, 1988;Aronowitz, 1999;Jaffe and Lerner, 2001;Kassicieh et al, 2002;Evans and Valdivia, 2012). Likewise, if the private entrepreneurship enabled under the Stevenson-Wydler Act (U.S. Congress, 1980Congress, , 1984aCongress, ,b, 1986 were to diminish the core research capabilities of federal laboratories' corporate research mission, here, too, would be a thwarting of public values (see Coursey and Bozeman, 1992;Butler and Birley, 1998).…”
Section: Public Value Criterion For Technology Transfer Effectivenessmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…If accidental gene drive releases were to occur and have severely deleterious effects, they might, for example, lead to much broader restructuring of concepts like academic freedom, the social contract for science, and the product versus process divide in different national regulatory systems, changes already long overdue (Evans and Valdivia 2012;Esvelt 2017b). …”
Section: Strategies That Accept Gene Drives As Anomalous But Not Adeqmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…That said, many argue that the FRE is far too lax to deal with the current threats to the US, which call for tighter restrictions on knowledge circulation in academia. Three features of the current research system aggravate the dangers (Evans and Valdivia 2012).…”
Section: The Fundamental Research Exclusion (Fre) and Its Criticsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Deemed exports are a particular mode of control under the EAR (Evans and Valdivia 2012;Krige 2014;Reppy and Felbinger 2011). The regulations here invoke concepts that stretch the meaning of "technology" and "export" in non-intuitive ways.…”
Section: Regulating Knowledge Flows: Deemed Exportsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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