Exportação de nutrientes pela produção em pomares de frutas de clima temperado

Schveitzer, Bianca; Petri, José Luiz

doi:10.34117/bjdv5n8-142

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“…In the peel, K and Ca concentrations were 62% and 114% lower when compared with 2018. Likewise, Gomez and Kalcsits (2020) and Valverdi and Kalcsits (2021) also reported lower levels of Ca, K, and Mg in the 2019 (Amarante et al, 2013;Sachini et al, 2020;Schveitzer and Petri, 2019;Volz et al, 2006), which can be attributed to several agronomic and environmental factors, such as crop load, vigor, fertilization management, and water management, among others (Ernani et al, 2008). In our study, lower levels of nutrient concentration in 2019 coincided with higher incidence of GS (Table 2).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 64%

Rootstock and Nutrient Imbalance Leads to ‘‘Green Spot’’ Development in ‘WA 38’ Apples

Sallato

Whiting

Munguia

2021

horts

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‘WA 38’ is a new apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) cultivar, released by Washington State University (WSU) in 2017. An unknown disorder, ‘‘green spot’’ (GS), dark green halos in the epidermis, with necrotic, corky, and oxidated cortical tissue underneath the damaged epidermis, leads to unmarketable fruit and has become a threat to the adoption and profitability of ‘WA 38’, with young and mature orchards exhibiting up to 60% incidence in 2020. Given the apparent susceptibility of ‘WA 38’ to GS, this research investigated GS relation with nutrient levels in fruit. Research was carried out in 2018 and 2019 in a ‘WA 38’ apple block planted in 2013, on ‘Geneva 41’ (‘G.41’) and ‘M.9-Nic 29’ (‘M.9’) rootstocks. In both years, fruit number per tree, fruit weight, and fruit diameter were evaluated in 18 trees per treatment, from both rootstocks. From each tree, fruit were classified for presence or absence of GS, and subsequently analyzed for nutrient concentration in the peel and in the flesh, nutrient extraction, and total nutrient content, on an individual apple basis. Apples with GS had higher nitrogen (N) and magnesium (Mg) levels in the peel, regardless of year and rootstock. Apples grown on ‘G.41’ rootstock exhibited higher GS incidence and reduced crop load in both years; reduced size and fruit diameter were exhibited only in 2018. Fruit on ‘G.41’ had higher N, potassium (K), and Mg in the flesh and higher N and Mg in the peel, with lower levels of calcium (Ca) in the flesh and peel; however, only in 2018, with no differences in 2019. GS in ‘WA 38’ apples appears to be another Ca-related disorder in which excessive vigor, rootstock, and N and Mg excess are predisposing factors for its development.

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