Exposure and time dependent DNA strand breakage in hepatopancreas of green-lipped mussels (Perna viridis) exposed to Aroclor 1254, and mixtures of B[a]P and Aroclor 1254

Siu, William H.L.; Hung, Craig L.H.; Wong, H.L.; Richardson, Bruce J.; Lam, Paul K.S.

doi:10.1016/s0025-326x(03)00234-0

Cited by 40 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…It is possible that some repair processes had not been induced by exposure to this EMS concentration. Several studies have implied or proved inducement of DNA repair by higher concentrations of genotoxicants in mussel cells [Ching et al, 2001;Siu et al, 2003]. We have not observed any increase in DNA damage of control groups over the time that would indicate stress caused by prolonged laboratory maintenance.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 42%

Persistence of DNA damage in the freshwater mussel Unio pictorum upon exposure to ethyl methanesulphonate and hydrogen peroxide

Štambuk

Pavlica

Malović

et al. 2008

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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An important endpoint in assessing pollution-related toxicity is genotoxicity. To obtain insight into the time-course of oxidative- and alkylation-induced DNA damage in the freshwater mussel, Unio pictorum, mussels were exposed for 24 hr to concentration gradients of pro-oxidant hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and a mono-functional alkylating agent, ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS). DNA damage was assessed in haemocytes immediately upon exposure and over the recovery period of up to 72 days by means of comet and micronucleus assays. Following exposure to H(2)O(2), DNA damage as detected by the comet assay returned to control values after one day, except for the mussels exposed to the highest dose when damage was detectable for the next 3 days. In contrast, alkylation-induced DNA damage was detectable even after 72 days of recovery in de-chlorinated water, with a dose-response relationship observable throughout the whole recovery period. Micronucleus frequency was the highest on Day 3 after exposure to EMS; it decreased considerably by Day 7 and returned almost to the control levels 19 days after exposure, while no significant induction of micronuclei was observed in mussels exposed to H(2)O(2). Although the comet assay is considered a biomarker of recent genotoxic exposure, detecting DNA damage of shorter longevity than with the micronucleus assay, results presented here show that in the case of alkylation damage the comet assay reveals genotoxic exposure of U. pictorum in a dose-dependent manner even after 2 months.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 42%

Persistence of DNA damage in the freshwater mussel Unio pictorum upon exposure to ethyl methanesulphonate and hydrogen peroxide

Štambuk

Pavlica

Malović

et al. 2008

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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“…Siu et al (2003) exposed green-lipped mussels ( Perna virdis) to PCB, and monitored the levels of DNA strand breaks in the mussel hepatopancreas using an alkaline unwinding assay. in situ investigations for the detection of genotoxic potential in selected surface water with the DNA alkaline unwinding assay have been reported using fish cells, early life stages of fish, crustaceae and mussels (Wittekindt et al 2000).…”

Section: Alkaline Unwinding Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods for Genotoxicity Testing of Environmental Pollutants

Masood

Anjum

Ahmad

et al. 2011

Environmental Protection Strategies for Sustainable Development

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“…• They can detect exposure to and the toxic effects of parent compounds and metabolites of readily metabolisable and eliminated contaminants such as PAHs and organophosphate. • They can integrate the toxicological interactions of mixtures of contaminants such as mixtures of various congeners of PCBs, PAHs, metals (Domouthsidou et al 2004) to give an expression of the cumulative effect at a particular molecular, cellular or tissue target (Siu et al 2003). • They can act as short-term predictors of long-term ecological effects through integration into a suite of measurements and understanding at different levels of contamination (Behrens and Segner, 2005).…”

Section: Significance Of the Use Of Biomarkermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They studied the exposure the marine organisms to PAHs by measuring DNA adduct levels and benzo(a)pyrene monooxygenase activity [B(a)PMO]. Single strand breaks can be produced in cells by direct chemical damage of DNA (Siu et al 2003). The chemical reactions that are known to generate single strand breaks proceed by ionizing radiation, oxidation-reduction reaction or photoreaction.…”

Section: Dna Integrity As a Biomarker Of Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This paper highlights the significance of such biomarkers in terms of their application and current limitations. It is mainly focused on biomarkers at an advanced stage of usage and development such as cytochrome P-4501A (Domouthsidou et al 2004;Isani et al 2000), DNA integrity (Siu et al 2003;Burmeister et al 2004;Everaarts and Sarkar 1996), DNA adducts, acetycholinesterase activity (Binelli et al 2006;Escartin and Porte 1997;Fuentes-Rios et al 2005) and metallothioneins (MTs) (Petrovic et al 2001) which are specific to impact by pollution and additionally whose application would benefit from commercial and biotechnological development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Biomarkers: Their significance and application in marine pollution monitoring

et al. 2006

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This paper presents an overview of the significance of the use of molecular biomarkers as diagnostic and prognostic tools for marine pollution monitoring. In order to assess the impact of highly persistent pollutants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), polychlorinated dibenzo-dioxins (PCDD), polychlorinated dibenzo-furans (PCDF), polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), tributyltin (TBT) and other toxic metals on the marine ecosystem a suite of biomarkers are being extensively used worldwide. Among the various types of biomarkers, the following have received special attention: cytochrome P4501A induction, DNA integrity, acetylcholinesterase activity and metallothionein induction. These biomarkers are being used to evaluate exposure of various species of sentinel marine organisms (e.g. mussels, clams, oysters, snails, fishes, etc.) to and the effect of various contaminants (organic xenobiotics and metals) using different molecular approaches [biochemical assays, enzyme linked immuno-sorbent assays (ELISA), spectrophotometric, fluorometric measurement, differential pulsed polarography, liquid chromatography, atomic absorption spectrometry]. The induction of the biotransformation enzyme, cytochrome P4501A in fishes (Callionymus lyra, Limanda limanda, Serranus sp., Mullus barbatus) and mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) by various xenobiotic contaminants such as PCBs, PAHs, PCDs is used as a biomarker of exposure to such organic pollutants. The induction of cytochrome P4501A is involved in chemical carcinogenesis through catalysis of the covalent bonding of organic contaminants to a DNA strand leading to formation of DNA adduct. Measurement of the induction of cytochrome P4501A in terms of EROD (7-ethoxy resorufin O-deethylase) activity is successfully used as a potential biomarker of exposure to xenobiotic contaminants in marine pollution monitoring. In order to assess the impact of neurotoxic compounds on marine environment the evaluation of acetylcholinesterase activity in marine organisms is used as a biomarker of exposure to neurotoxic agents such as organophosphorus, carbamate pesticides etc. Metallothioneins (MTs) are induced by toxic metals such as Cd, Hg, and Cu by chelation through cysteine residues and are used in both vertebrates and invertebrates as a biomarker of metal exposure. The measurement of the levels of DNA integrity in marine organisms such as Sea stars (Asterias rubens) from the North Sea and the marine snails (Planaxis sulcatus) from the Arabian Sea along the Goa coast exposed to environmental xenobiotic contaminants clearly indicated the extent and the nature of pollution at the sampling sites along coastal environment.

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Exposure and time dependent DNA strand breakage in hepatopancreas of green-lipped mussels (Perna viridis) exposed to Aroclor 1254, and mixtures of B[a]P and Aroclor 1254

Cited by 40 publications

References 33 publications

Persistence of DNA damage in the freshwater mussel Unio pictorum upon exposure to ethyl methanesulphonate and hydrogen peroxide

Persistence of DNA damage in the freshwater mussel Unio pictorum upon exposure to ethyl methanesulphonate and hydrogen peroxide

Methods for Genotoxicity Testing of Environmental Pollutants

Molecular Biomarkers: Their significance and application in marine pollution monitoring

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