Exposure assessment to bisphenol A (BPA) and its analogues bisphenol S (BPS) and bisphenol F (BPF) in wild boars by hair analysis

Gonkowski, Sławomir; Tzatzarakis, Manolis; Vakonaki, Elena; Meschini, Elena; Rytel, Liliana

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167076

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Previous studies have shown that hair sample analysis is an appropriate method for determining exposure to organic compounds polluting the environment, and its results show similar sensitivity and reliability to those of urine or serum analysis ( 2 , 12 , 70 ). Moreover, pollutants’ propensity to accumulate in the hair means that the analysis of hair samples better reflects the body’s long-term environmental exposure than the analysis of urine and/or blood serum, in which the levels of substances fluctuate frequently ( 18 , 27 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An evaluation of dogs’ exposure to benzophenones through hair sample analysis

Gonkowski,

Martín,

Rychlik

et al. 2024

Journal of Veterinary Research

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Introduction Benzophenones (BPs) are used in various branches of industry as ultraviolet radiation filters, but they pollute the natural environment, penetrate living organisms, and disrupt endocrine balance. Knowledge of the exposure of domestic animals to these substances is extremely scant. The aim of the study was to investigate long-term exposure of companion dogs to BPs and relate this to environmental factors. Material and Methods Hair samples taken from 50 dogs and 50 bitches from under 2 to over 10 years old were analysed for BP content with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Results The results revealed that dogs are most often exposed to 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (BP-3) and 4-dihydroxybenzophenone (BP-1). Concentration levels of BP-3 above the method quantification limit (MQL) were noted in 100% of the samples and fluctuated from 4.75 ng/g to 1,765 ng/g. In turn, concentration levels of BP-1 above the MQL were noted in 37% of the samples and ranged from <0.50 ng/g to 666 ng/g. Various factors (such as the use of hygiene and care products and the dog’s diet) were found to affect BP concentration levels. Higher levels of BP-3 were observed in castrated/spayed animals and in animals that required veterinary intervention more often. Conclusion The results obtained show that the analysis of hair samples may be a useful matrix for biomonitoring BPs in dogs, and that these substances may be toxic to them.

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