Expression and Subcellular Localization of Estrogen Receptors α and β in Human Fetal Brown Adipose Tissue

Veličković, Ksenija; Čvoro, Aleksandra; Srdić, Biljana; Stokić, Edita; Markelić, Milica; Golić, Igor; Otašević, Vesna; Stančić, Ana; Janković, Aleksandra; Vučetić, Milica; Buzadžić, Biljana; Korać, Bato; Korać, Aleksandra

doi:10.1210/jc.2013-2017

Cited by 52 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Emerging work points towards a role for estrogen receptors (ER), in particular ERα, in fetal adipogenesis, although this study was limited by a sample size of n = 1 at each time point [66]. Little work has been done to look at the effect of sex steroids on their autologous receptors.…”

Section: Direct Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of sex steroids on adipose tissue growth and function

Law

Bloor

Budge

et al. 2014

Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation

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Obesity remains a major global health concern. Understanding the metabolic influences of the obesity epidemic in the human population on maintenance of a healthy weight and metabolic profile is still of great significance. The importance and role of white adipose tissue has been long established, particularly with excess adiposity. Brown adipose tissue (BAT), however, has only recently been shown to contribute significantly to the metabolic signature of mammals outside the previously recognised role in small mammals and neonates. BAT's detection in adults has led to a renewed interest and is now considered to be a potential therapeutic target to prevent excess white fat accumulation in obesity, a theory further promoted by the recent discovery of beige fat. Adipose tissue distribution varies significantly between genders. Pre-menopausal females often show enhanced lower and peripheral fat deposition in adiposity deposition compared to the male profile of central and visceral fat accumulation with obesity. This sex disparity is partly attributed to the different effects of sex hormone profiles and interactions on the adipose tissue system. In this review, we explore this intricate relationship and show how modifications in the effects of sex hormones impact on both brown and white adipose tissues. We also discuss the impact of sex hormones on activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and how the three pathways between adiposity, HPA and sex steroids can have a major contribution to the prevention or maintenance of obesity and therefore on overall health.

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Section: Direct Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of sex steroids on adipose tissue growth and function

Law

Bloor

Budge

et al. 2014

Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation

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“…The dependence of metabolic [13,14] and inflammatory [15] processes on ERs in both genders was later confirmed in mouse models deficient in Erα , Erβ , or both [16]. The absence of Erα in both male and female mice resulted in increased white adipose tissue mass (WAT) and impaired insulin resistance [16,17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1A1: Friend or Foe to Female Metabolism?

2014

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In this review, we summarize recent advances in understanding vitamin A-dependent regulation of sex-specific differences in metabolic diseases, inflammation, and certain cancers. We focus on the characterization of the aldehyde dehydrogenase-1 family of enzymes (ALDH1A1, ALDH1A2, ALDH1A3) that catalyze conversion of retinaldehyde to retinoic acid. Additionally, we propose a “horizontal transfer of signaling” from estrogen to retinoids through the action of ALDH1A1. Although estrogen does not directly influence expression of Aldh1a1, it has the ability to suppress Aldh1a2 and Aldh1a3, thereby establishing a female-specific mechanism for retinoic acid generation in target tissues. ALDH1A1 regulates adipogenesis, abdominal fat formation, glucose tolerance, and suppression of thermogenesis in adipocytes; in B cells, ALDH1A1 plays a protective role by inducing oncogene suppressors Rara and Pparg. Considering the conflicting responses of Aldh1a1 in a multitude of physiological processes, only tissue-specific regulation of Aldh1a1 can result in therapeutic effects. We have shown through successful implantation of tissue-specific Aldh1a1−/− preadipocytes that thermogenesis can be induced in wild-type adipose tissues to resolve diet-induced visceral obesity in females. We will briefly discuss the emerging role of ALDH1A1 in multiple myeloma, the regulation of reproduction, and immune responses, and conclude by discussing the role of ALDH1A1 in future therapeutic applications.

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“…We speculate that the ER-β expression pattern could be a reflection of prepubertal sex differences. There is evidence that both ER-α and ER-β were expressed in human fetal brown adipose tissue(fBAT), with ERα being dominant (Velickovic et al, 2014). The authors demonstrated that ER-β was present only in mature brown adipocytes while ER-α was in mature adipocytes and preadipocytes, and suggested a dominant role for ER-α in its development and, fBAT mitochondria could be targeted by estrogens (Velickovic et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is evidence that both ER-α and ER-β were expressed in human fetal brown adipose tissue(fBAT), with ERα being dominant (Velickovic et al, 2014). The authors demonstrated that ER-β was present only in mature brown adipocytes while ER-α was in mature adipocytes and preadipocytes, and suggested a dominant role for ER-α in its development and, fBAT mitochondria could be targeted by estrogens (Velickovic et al, 2014). Finally, there is a report on the HCG/LH receptor expression in human preadipocytes, and our data about LHR expression in rat adipose tissues confirm the finding (Dos Santos et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of Steroidogenesis-related Genes in Rat Adipose Tissues

Byeon

Lee

2016

Development &Amp; Reproduction

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Adipose tissue is one of the major endocrine gland. More recently, local production of steroids in adipocytes differentiated from mouse 3T3-L1 cell-line was reported. We hypothesized that rat adipocytes have steroidogenic machinery and the expression patterns of the components might be differentially regulated, depending on the distribution and sex. To verify this hypothesis, we collected the adipose tissues depot- and sex-specifically at postnatal day (PND) 30, and performed quantitative RT-PCRs. In overall aspects, the abundances of the transcripts were lower in the brown adipose of both sexes. 3β-HSD transcript levels in female abdominal and reproductive adipose, CYP17 transcript levels in female reproductive adipose, 17β-HSD transcript levels in female abdominal and reproductive adipose, and CYP19 transcript levels in female abdominal adipose were significantly lower than those of male counterparts. Similar to steroidogenic factors, the abundance of the ER-α transcripts were generally lower in the brown adipose of both sexes. ER-β transcripts were more abundant in male white adipose depots than their female counterparts. The levels of LHR transcripts in female reproductive adipose were significantly higher than those of male counterpart. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that the expressions of steroidogenesis-related genes were depot- and sex-specifically occurred in the immature male and female rat adipose tissues. Our study suggested that the adipose tissues are not only targets but de novo synthesizing sites of sex steroid(s), though the synthesizing activities could be much less than in gonads. Further researches in this field will be helpful for understanding the adipose physiology and for medical application such as sex-specific steroid supplement therapies for older populations.

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Expression and Subcellular Localization of Estrogen Receptors α and β in Human Fetal Brown Adipose Tissue

Abstract: The expression of both ERα and ERβ in human fBAT suggests a role for estrogen in its development, primarily via ERα. In addition, our results indicate that fBAT mitochondria could be targeted by estrogens and pointed out the possible role of both ERs in mitochondriogenesis.

Cited by 52 publications

References 38 publications

The influence of sex steroids on adipose tissue growth and function

The influence of sex steroids on adipose tissue growth and function

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1A1: Friend or Foe to Female Metabolism?

Expression of Steroidogenesis-related Genes in Rat Adipose Tissues

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