Expression of glia maturation factor γ is associated with colorectal cancer metastasis and its downregulation suppresses colorectal cancer cell migration and invasion in vitro

Wang, Huili; Chen, Zhijiang; Chang, Hongen; Mu, Xiaoping; Deng, Wuguo; Zhang, Yuan; Yao, Fang; Liu, Yan; Mai, Rongjia; Wu, Bingyi

doi:10.3892/or.2017.5361

Cited by 19 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…We found that 30 of these genes which included Nckap1l, Ncf1, Pla2g15, Unc93b1, Lrrc33, Rgs10, Gmfg, Rbm25, C3ar1, Ccdc88b, Fam105a, Gng11, Phc1, Rasa4, Dag1, Tyrobp, Tmsb4x, Cfp, Prkd1, Gp49a, Trem2, C1qc, Lyz2, Igfbp7, Rab30, Cxcl16, Egfl7, Ube2r2, Pltp, and Cfb, showed a relation with cancer. Wang and colleagues first assessed GMFG expression in colorectal cancer cell lines and tissue specimens and found the targeting of GMFG expression may suppress colorectal cancer progression [ 64 ]. It has been reported that CCDC88B has a critical function in colon inflammation and the pathogenesis of IBD [ 65 ], and a previous study proved that patients with IBD have a higher probability of developing colorectal cancer than other people [ 66 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

WGCNA reveals key gene modules regulated by the combined treatment of colon cancer with PHY906 and CPT11

Xing

Wang

et al. 2020

Bioscience Reports

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Irinotecan (CPT11) is one of the most effective drugs for treating colon cancer, but its severe side effects limit its application. Recently, a traditional Chinese herbal preparation, named PHY906, has been proved to be effective for improving therapeutic effect and reducing side effects of CPT11. The aim of this study was to provide novel insight to understand the molecular mechanism underlying PHY906-CPT11 intervention of colon cancer. Based on the GSE25192 dataset, for different three treatments (PHY906, CPT11, and PHY906-CPT11), we screened out differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and constructed a co-expression network by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to identify hub genes. The key genes of the three treatments were obtained by merging the DEGs and hub genes. For the PHY906-CPT11 treatment, a total of 18 key genes including Eif4e, Prr15, Anxa2, Ddx5, Tardbp, Skint5, Prss12 and Hnrnpa3, were identified. The results of functional enrichment analysis indicated that the key genes associated with PHY906-CPT11 treatment were mainly enriched in “superoxide anion generation” and “complement and coagulation cascades”. Finally, we validated the key genes by GEPIA and RT-PCR analysis, the results indicated that EIF4E, PRR15, ANXA2, HNRNPA3, NCF1, C3AR1, PFDN2, RGS10, GNG11, and TMSB4X might play an important role in the treatment of colon cancer with PHY906-CPT11. In conclusion, a total of 18 key genes were identified in this study. These genes showed strong correlation with PHY906-CPT11 treatment in colon cancer, which may help elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism of PHY906-CPT11 treatment in colon cancer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

WGCNA reveals key gene modules regulated by the combined treatment of colon cancer with PHY906 and CPT11

Xing

Wang

et al. 2020

Bioscience Reports

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“…Excessive migration and invasion of tumor cells is recognized as the first step of neoplasm metastasis. 19 , 20 The effect of decreased Nodal expression on cell migration and invasion was determined by transwell assay. Our results demonstrated that downregulation of Nodal significantly inhibited the cell migration and invasion capabilities of bladder cancer cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nodal regulates bladder cancer cell migration and invasion via the ALK/Smad signaling pathway

Zhong

Zhu

et al. 2018

OTT

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BackgroundBladder cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the urinary tract. We aimed to explore the biological role and molecular mechanism of Nodal in bladder cancer.Materials and methodsThe expression of Nodal in bladder cancer tissues and cells was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The effect of silencing of Nodal on cell proliferation, clone formation, and migration and invasion was evaluated by MTT cell proliferation assay, colony formation, and transwell assays, respectively. Western blot analysis was employed to detect the expression of proliferation- and invasion-related proteins and proteins involved in ALK/Smad signaling.ResultsWe found that the expression of Nodal was significantly increased in bladder cancer tissues and cell lines. Downregulation of Nodal effectively weakened cell proliferation, clone formation, and cell migration and invasion abilities. The protein expression levels of CDC6, E-cadherin, MMP-2, and MMP-9 were also altered by downregulation of Nodal. Knockdown of Nodal also blocked the expression of ALK4, ALK7, Smad2, and Smad4, which are involved in ALK/Smad signaling. Additionally, the ALK4/7 receptor blocker SB431542 reversed the promotive effects of Nodal overexpression on bladder cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.ConclusionOur study indicated that Nodal functions as an oncogene by regulating cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in bladder cancer via the ALK/Smad signaling pathway, thereby providing novel insights into its role in bladder cancer treatment.

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“…Previous research has shown that expression of GMFG was able to affect invasion and migration of ovarian cancer, and was correlate with survival rate of ovarian cancer (18,19). Wang et al also indicated that expression of GMFG was related to colorectal cancer metastasis (20). GMFG protein can regulate cytoskeleton reorganization of actin in microvascular endothelial and ovarian cancer cells, which was clearly an essential factor of many cellular processes including cytokinesis, endocytosis and chemotaxis, and affected the angiogenic sprouting in zebra fish (21)(22)(23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

GMFG Has Potential to Be a Novel Prognostic Marker and Related to Immune Infiltrates in Breast Cancer

Yang

Tang

et al. 2021

Front. Oncol.

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A growing amount of evidence has indicated immune genes perform a crucial position in the development and progression of breast cancer microenvironment. The purpose of our study was to identify immunogenic prognostic marker and explore potential regulatory mechanisms for breast cancer. We identified the genes related to ImmuneScore using ESTIMATE algorithm and WGCNA analysis, and we identified the differentially expressed gene (DEGs). Then, Glia maturation factor γ (GMFG) was determined as a predictive factor by intersecting immune-related genes with DEGs and survival analysis. We found the expression of GMFG was lower in breast cancer tissues compared with normal breast tissues, which was further verified by immunohistochemical (IHC). Moreover, the decreased expression of GMFG was significantly related to the poor prognosis. Besides, the expression of GMFG was related to the age, ER status, PR status, HER2 status and tumor size, which further suggested that the expression of GMFG was correlated with the subtype and the growth of tumor. The univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses revealed that age, stage, the expression level of GMFG and radiotherapy were independent factors for predicting the prognosis of breast cancer patients. Subsequently, a prognostic model to predict the 3-year, 5-year and 10-year overall survival rate was developed based on the above four variables, and visualized as a nomogram. The values of area under the curve of the nomogram at 3-year, 5-year and 10-year were 0.897, 0.873 and 0.922, respectively, which was higher than stage in prognostic accuracy. In addition, we also found that GMFG expression level was correlated with sensitivity of some breast cancer chemotherapy drugs. Furthermore, the results of GSEA indicated immune-related pathways were mainly enriched in GMFG-high-expression group. CIBERSORT analysis for the proportion of tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) suggested that expression of GMFG was positively association with multiple kinds T-cell in BC. Among them, CD8+ T cells had the strongest correlation with GMFG expression, which revealed that GMFG might has an antitumor effect by increasing the infiltration of CD8+ T cells in breast cancer. Accordingly, GMFG has the potential to become a novel immune biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer.

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Expression of glia maturation factor γ is associated with colorectal cancer metastasis and its downregulation suppresses colorectal cancer cell migration and invasion in vitro

Cited by 19 publications

References 35 publications

WGCNA reveals key gene modules regulated by the combined treatment of colon cancer with PHY906 and CPT11

WGCNA reveals key gene modules regulated by the combined treatment of colon cancer with PHY906 and CPT11

Nodal regulates bladder cancer cell migration and invasion via the ALK/Smad signaling pathway

GMFG Has Potential to Be a Novel Prognostic Marker and Related to Immune Infiltrates in Breast Cancer

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