Expression of granule‐bound starch synthase in developing rice grain

Jeng, Toong Long; Wang, Chang Sheng; Tseng, Tung Hai; Sung, Jih Min

doi:10.1002/jsfa.2945

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The only gene with severe allelic variation in Class A or B was Wx , a gene coding for glutinous endosperm 21 . In the Wx locus, only RU had an in-frame 23-bp insertion in the 2nd exon, which created a premature stop codon 22 – 24 (Supplementary Fig. 9a ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haplotype-based allele mining in the Japan-MAGIC rice population

Ogawa

Yamamoto

Ohtani

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Multi-parent advanced generation inter-cross (MAGIC) lines have broader genetic variation than bi-parental recombinant inbred lines. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) using high number of DNA polymorphisms such as single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) is a popular tool for allele mining in MAGIC populations, in which the associations of phenotypes with SNPs are investigated; however, the effects of haplotypes from multiple founders on phenotypes are not considered. Here, we describe an improved method of allele mining using the newly developed Japan-MAGIC (JAM) population, which is derived from eight high-yielding rice cultivars in Japan. To obtain information on the haplotypes in the JAM lines, we predicted the haplotype blocks in the whole chromosomes using 16,345 SNPs identified via genotyping-by-sequencing analysis. Using haplotype-based GWAS, we clearly detected the loci controlling the glutinous endosperm and culm length traits. Information on the alleles of the eight founders, which was based on the effects of mutations revealed by the analysis of next-generation sequencing data, was used to narrow down the candidate genes and reveal the associations between alleles and phenotypes. The haplotype-based allele mining (HAM) proposed in this study is a promising approach to the detection of allelic variation in genes controlling agronomic traits in MAGIC populations.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haplotype-based allele mining in the Japan-MAGIC rice population

Ogawa

Yamamoto

Ohtani

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…Each isoform of them may play a distinct role in the process of sucrose-to-starch conversion (Nakamura 2002;Ishimaru et al 2005;Wang et al 2014). Although many studies have been done on the relationship between starch biosynthesis and activities or gene expressions of the enzymes involved (Nakamura 2002;Ishimaru et al 2005;Jeng et al 2007;Zhu et al 2011;Wang et al 2014), little is known about whether and how post-anthesis moderate soil drying enhances grain filling by regulating sink activity, in terms of the activities and gene expressions of the enzymes in sucrose-to-starch conversion in rice spikelets. Therefore, this study investigated the changes in activities of SuSase, AGPase, SSS, GBSS, and SBE and their gene expressions at the transcriptional level in both superior and inferior spikelets, under either moderate or severe soil drying during the grain filling period, and their relationship with grain filling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It cleaves a-1,4 bonds on both amylose and amylopectin molecules and reattaches the released glucan segments to the same or another glucan chain through the formation of a-1,6 linkages (Hurkman et al 2003;Wang et al 2014). There are reports showing that the sucrose-to-starch conversion is catalyzed by multiple isoforms of the enzymes or proteins involved, such as SuSase 2, 3, and 4 (SuS2, SuS3, SuS4), AGPase small subunit 1 and 2 (AGPS1 and AGPS2), AGPase large subunit 1 and 2 (AGPL1 and AGPL2), soluble StSase IIa, b and c (SSSIIa, SSSIIb, and SSSIIc), granule-bound StSase I and II (GBSSI and GBSSII) and SBE I, IIa and IIb (SBEI, SBEIIa, and SBEIIb) (Ishimaru et al 2005;Jeng et al 2007;Wang et al 2008Wang et al , 2014Zhu et al 2011). Each isoform of them may play a distinct role in the process of sucrose-to-starch conversion (Nakamura 2002;Ishimaru et al 2005;Wang et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abscisic acid and the key enzymes and genes in sucrose-to-starch conversion in rice spikelets in response to soil drying during grain filling

Wang

Chen

et al. 2015

Planta

105

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Abscisic acid mediates the effect of post-anthesis soil drying on grain filling through regulating the activities of key enzymes and expressions of genes involved in sucrose-to-starch conversion in rice spikelets. This study investigated if abscisic acid (ABA) would mediate the effect of post-anthesis soil drying on grain filling through regulating the key enzymes in sucrose-to-starch conversion in rice (Oryza sativa L.) spikelets. Two rice cultivars were field-grown. Three treatments, well-watered (WW), moderate soil drying (MD), and severe soil drying (SD), were imposed from 6 days after full heading until maturity. When compared with those under the WW, grain filling rate, grain weight, and sink activity, in terms of the activities and gene expression levels of sucrose synthase, ADP glucose pyrophosphorylase, starch synthase, and starch branching enzyme, in inferior spikelets were substantially increased under the MD, whereas they were markedly decreased in both superior and inferior spikelets under the SD. The two cultivars showed the same tendencies. Both MD and SD increased ABA content and expression levels of its biosynthesis genes in spikelets, with more increase under the SD than the MD. ABA content was significantly correlated with grain filling rate and sink activities under both WW and MD, while the correlations were not significant under the SD. Application of a low concentration ABA to WW plants imitated the results under the MD, and applying with a high concentration ABA showed the effect of the SD. The results suggest that ABA plays a vital role in grain filling through regulating sink activity and functions in a dose-dependent manner. An elevated ABA level under the MD enhances, whereas a too high level of ABA under the SD decreases, sink activity.

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“…Additionally, a single base mutation in intron 1 in rice was thought to have caused an altered splice site, leading to a reduced level of GBSS I mRNA and protein (Cai et al, 1998;Hirano et al, 1998;Isshiki et al, 1998;Han et al, 2004;Itoch et al, 2003;Yamanaka et al, 2004). A duplication of 23-bp in the second exon, also caused the inactivation or loss of GBSS I in rice (Hori et al, 2007;Jeng et al, 2007;Wanchana et al, 2003;Jeng et al, 2009). It will be informative for us to develop transgenic waxy barley with various mutations to study the structure and activity of GBSS I proteins.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Molecular characterization and comparative analysis of two waxy alleles in barley

Jiang

Wei

et al. 2010

Genes Genom

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Two alleles of the barley waxy locus were characterized from non-waxy cultivar Bowman and waxy cultivar CDC Candle, respectively. Their nucleotide and protein sequences were compared with other known waxy genes. The comparison results indicated that there were 100 polymorphic sites, among which 69 were in the non-coding region and 31 were in the coding region. Out of 100 polymorphic sites, 45 were transversion, 35 were transition and 20 were indels. A 397 bp deletion and a 193 bp insertion in the promoter region and a 15 bp insertion in the coding region were found in CDC Candle, but not in Bowman. A deletion (11 bp) was detected in Bowman, which exhibited no effects on normal waxy expression. In summary, the 397 bp deletion was supposed to account for the reduction of GBSS I, resulting in the low amylose in CDC Candle; whereas other polymorphic sites might be not correlated with amylose synthesis.

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Expression of granule‐bound starch synthase in developing rice grain

Cited by 12 publications

References 27 publications

Haplotype-based allele mining in the Japan-MAGIC rice population

Haplotype-based allele mining in the Japan-MAGIC rice population

Abscisic acid and the key enzymes and genes in sucrose-to-starch conversion in rice spikelets in response to soil drying during grain filling

Molecular characterization and comparative analysis of two waxy alleles in barley

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