Expression of Intermediate Filament Nestin in Blood Vessels of Neural and Non-neural Tissues

Mokrý, Jaroslav; Ehrmann, Jiří; Karbanová, Jana; Čížková, Dana; Soukup, Tomáš; Suchánek, J; Filip, Stanislav; Kolář, Zdeněk

doi:10.14712/18059694.2017.20

Cited by 44 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Coronal sections of the lower cervical cord were made at P5 and stained with DAPI and an anti-nestin antibody. As reported previously (Mokry et al, 2008;Hamilton et al, 2009;Sevc et al, 2009), nestin staining detected not only midline glia, but also blood vessels. D, Actual value for the predominance of MB holes for aberrant CST axon midline crossing was calculated as the ratio of the number of MB hole-crossing tdT(ϩ) axons to the number of total tdT(ϩ) midline crossing axons.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Spinal RacGAP α-Chimaerin Is Required to Establish the Midline Barrier for Proper Corticospinal Axon Guidance

et al. 2017

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In the developing CNS, the midline barrier, which comprises guidance molecule-expressing midline glial somata and processes, plays a pivotal role in midline axon guidance. Accumulating evidence has revealed the molecular mechanisms by which the midline barrier ensures proper midline guidance for axons. In contrast, the mechanisms for establishing the midline barrier remain obscure. Here, we report that Rac-specific GTPase-activating protein (RacGAP) ␣-chimaerin is required for both axonal repulsion at and establishment of the midline barrier in the spinal cord. We generated cortex-specific and spinal-cord-specific ␣-chimaerin gene (Chn1) knock-out mice (Cx-Chn1KO and Sp-Chn1KO mice, respectively) and found that both showed aberrant corticospinal tract (CST) axon midline crossing in the spinal cord. Strikingly, Sp-Chn1KO micehadbreaks(holes)intheephrinB3(ϩ)spinalmidlinebarrierandEphA4(ϩ)CSTaxonsaberrantlycrossedthemidlinethroughtheseholes. Duringnormalembryonicdevelopment,EphA4(ϩ)spinalcellsarelocatedinjuxta-midlineareasbutareexcludedfromthemidline.Incontrast, in Chn1KO embryos, several EphA4(ϩ) cells were aberrantly relocated into the midline and the midline barrier was broken around these cells. Similarly, the spinal cord midline of Epha4KO mice was invaded by juxta-midline EphA4 cells (i.e., Epha4 promoter-active cells) during the embryonic stage and holes were formed in the midline barrier. Juxta-midline EphA4 cells in the spinal cord expressed ␣-chimaerin. We propose that spinal ␣-chimaerin aids in establishing an intact spinal midline barrier by mediating juxta-midline EphA4(ϩ) cell repulsion, thus preventing these cells from breaking into the ephrinB3(ϩ) midline barrier.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Spinal RacGAP α-Chimaerin Is Required to Establish the Midline Barrier for Proper Corticospinal Axon Guidance

et al. 2017

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“…Furthermore, the number of newly formed nestin-positive capillaries per unit area was higher in the hyperthyroid rats vs controls. In large vessels, the endothelial expression of nestin, which is associated with newly formed capillaries, is related to adaptations to dynamic changes in the vascular network (Mokrý et al 2008). The higher shear stress produced by the greater RBF in the hyperthyroid group may play a role in their increased capillary formation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of thyroid state on cardiac and renal capillary density and glomerular morphology in rats

Rodríguez-Gómez

Banegas

Wangensteen

et al. 2012

Journal of Endocrinology

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The purpose was to analyse the cardiac and renal capillary density and glomerular morphology resulting from a chronic excess or deficiency of thyroid hormones (THs) in rats. We performed histopathological, morphometrical and immunohistochemical analyses in hypothyroid and hyperthyroid rats to evaluate the density of mesenteric, renal and cardiac vessels at 4 weeks after induction of thyroid disorders. The main angiogenic factors in plasma, heart and kidney were measured as possible mediators of vascular changes. Mesenteric vessel branching was augmented and decreased in hyper-and hypothyroid rats respectively. The numerical density of CD31-positive capillaries was higher in left and right ventricles and in cortical and medullary kidney from both hyper-and hypothyroid rats vs controls. Numbers of podocytes and glomeruli per square millimetre were similar among groups. Glomerular area and percentage mesangium were greater in the hyperthyroid vs control or hypothyroid groups. No morphological renal lesions were observed in any group. Vascularisation of the mesenteric bed is related to TH levels, but an increased capillarity was observed in heart and kidney in both thyroid disorders. This increase may be produced by higher tissue levels of angiogenic factors in hypothyroid rats, whereas haemodynamic factors would predominate in hyperthyroid rats. Our results also indicate that the renal dysfunctions of thyroid disorders are not related to cortical or medullary microvascular rarefaction and that the proteinuria of hyperthyroidism is not secondary to a podocyte deficit. Finally, TH or its analogues may be useful to increase capillarity in renal diseases associated with microvascular rarefaction.

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“…However, several pieces of evidence indicate that nestin could be expressed in vascular cell types such as endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, pericytes, or juxtavascular microglia during vascular remodeling or development (Alliot et al 1999;Dahlstrand et al 1992;Mokrý et al 2008;Oikawa et al 2010;Yokoyama et al 2006). This diversity of cell types suggests that vascular nestin expression is not exclusive to neural stem cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of nestin expression and vessel association in the ischemic core following focal cerebral ischemia in rats

et al. 2012

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The present study aimed to provide a detailed characterization of the cellular phenotypes of nestin-positive cells in a rat model of ischemic stroke. Nestin-positive cells included reactive astrocytes in the peri-infarct region. In the ischemic core, in which astrocytes had virtually disappeared, nestin expression was exclusively associated with the vasculature, including the microvasculature and larger caliber vessels. Induction of nestin expression in the ischemic core occurred by 3 days post-ischemia. Nestin expression continued through at least 28 days post-ischemia but the cellular profiles of nestin-positive cells changed over this period. In the ischemic core at day 3, nestin-positive cells frequently had long processes that ran parallel along the longitudinal axis of the vasculature. These cells were highly proliferative and expressed the transcription factor for neural/glial progenitors, Sox9. Based on their morphological characteristics and on a double-labeling study, most nestin-positive cells were clearly distinguishable from vasculature-associated cells including endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells and microglia/macrophages. Immunoelectron microscopic findings demonstrated that most nestin-positive cells lay in the perivascular space and had macrophage-like features, indicating morphological similarity to perivascular macrophages. Nestin expression was still associated with the vasculature 14 days after ischemia but appeared in fibroblast-like cells. Thus, our data indicated that, in the ischemic core, nestin expression was not limited to a progenitor/stem cell population but was induced in the vasculature-associated cells. These cell types included perivascular macrophages and fibroblast-like cells that appeared to undergo dynamic structural changes. These results suggest that nestin facilitates cellular structural remodeling in response to ischemic injury.

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Expression of Intermediate Filament Nestin in Blood Vessels of Neural and Non-neural Tissues

Cited by 44 publications

References 22 publications

Spinal RacGAP α-Chimaerin Is Required to Establish the Midline Barrier for Proper Corticospinal Axon Guidance

Spinal RacGAP α-Chimaerin Is Required to Establish the Midline Barrier for Proper Corticospinal Axon Guidance

Influence of thyroid state on cardiac and renal capillary density and glomerular morphology in rats

Characterization of nestin expression and vessel association in the ischemic core following focal cerebral ischemia in rats

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