Expression of TNF-α on Wistar Rat (Rattus norvegicus L.) with Extract of Pletekan Leaves (Ruellia tuberosa L.)

Abstract

Background and Objective: Alcoholic drink produced traditionally by Maluku-Indonesia is called sopi, if consumed in excessive doses, it causes kidney damage. The ability of pletekan leaf extract (Ruellia tuberosa L.) is used as an alternative pharmacy because it has strong antioxidant activity. This study aimed to determine the expression of TNF-" in the kidney of Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) exposed to sopi alcoholic beverages after being treated with a pletekan herbal extract (Ruellia tuberosa L.). Materials and Methods: Thirty Wistar rats with an average weight of 200 g, divided by group I control (-) were given demineralized water, group II control (+) only given sopi, group III-V were given sopi 2.5 mL/head/body weight and pletekan leaf extract with a concentration of 5.04 mg/100 mL water, 10.08 mg/100 mL water and 12.12 mg/100 mL water for each group. This treatment is done for 24 days by giving sopi 3 times a week, then taking the kidney organ to make kidney histology. Observation of TNF-" expression by immunohistochemistry methods.Results: Wistar rats (R. norvegicus L.) exposed to sopi had decreased creatinine levels then were treated with ethanol extract of pletekan leaf (R. tuberosa L.) at a dose of 6% (12.12 mg/100 mL water) which was more effective in reducing creatinine levels and decreased the expression of TNF-" kidney Wistar rats. Conclusion: Pletekan leaf (Ruellia tuberosa L.) ethanol extract has the potential to prevent/repair kidney damage which is characterized by a decrease in the expression of TNF-" kidney Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) in line with an increase in the extract dosage in all treatments of sopi.

Simvastatin suppresses ethanol effects on the kidney of adolescent mice

“…Likewise, the basal concentration of TNF-α is considerably low or undetectable under normal conditions but sporadically increases at the onset of renal inflammation to trigger a recovery pathway [9,18]. TNF-α at low levels promotes tissue repair and induces the regeneration of renal cells in order to promote recovery from injury [18].…”

“…Likewise, the basal concentration of TNF-α is considerably low or undetectable under normal conditions but sporadically increases at the onset of renal inflammation to trigger a recovery pathway [9,18]. TNF-α at low levels promotes tissue repair and induces the regeneration of renal cells in order to promote recovery from injury [18]. Furthermore, TNF-α regulates renal function and controls haemodynamics through its ability to control the constriction of renal vessels, thereby affecting the rate of glomerular filtration [18].…”

“…TNF-α at low levels promotes tissue repair and induces the regeneration of renal cells in order to promote recovery from injury [18]. Furthermore, TNF-α regulates renal function and controls haemodynamics through its ability to control the constriction of renal vessels, thereby affecting the rate of glomerular filtration [18]. However, this system is destabilized by the chronic use of ethanol as ethanol-induced prolonged inflammatory stress leads to structural kidney damage and dysfunction [9].…”

“…Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is produced in the kidney by endothelial, mesangial, and renal tubular epithelial cells [9,18]. The basal interstitial level of TNF-α is considerably low or undetectable under normal conditions but it sporadically increases at the onset of inflammation.…”