Expression profiling and validation of reference gene candidates in immune relevant tissues and cells from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)

Validation of reference genes of grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus for the normalization of quantitative real-time PCR

“…Investigation of expression stabilities of 4 housekeeping gene candidates, Betaactin, EF1a, 18s rRNA, and RPS20 (ribosomal protein S20) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) showed that all of these genes' expression varied among tissues and EF1-a was the more stable one. Study with LPS stimulation of cells revealed that RPS20 and EF1-a were least regulated by LPS treatment in the TO-cells (Ingerslev et al 2006). The stability of EF1a expression in normal or virus infected tissues of Atlantic salmon has been confirmed by previous reports (Olsvik et al 2005;Jorgensen et al 2006).…”

Impact of Climate Change on the Relict Tropical Fish Fauna of Central Sahara: Threat for the Survival of Adrar Mountains Fishes, Mauritania

“…Normalisation of desmin mRNA expression to various combinations of the geometric average for two genes myotubes [20,21] and Ef1α has been reported to have stable expression in some Salmon tissues [22]. As the 18S and 28S ribosomal RNAs are highly abundant and account for the vast majority of RNA, it is unsurprising that 18SrRNA is found to be stable across the samples as equal amounts of RNA were reverse transcribed.…”

Housekeeping gene stability in pristane-induced arthritis and antigen-induced pulmonary inflammation of rats

“…Some of these researchers willingly choose 18S as internal standard owing to its excellent consistency, reproducibility and non-regulation in their reverse transcription-PCR studies [3,12,14]. Nonetheless, others excluded 18S rRNA gene from a combined reference index on account of the imbalance between messenger and ribosomal RNA content in rat mammary tumors [16] or its high expression level compared with target genes, which accordingly renders high coefficient of variance in real-time PCR study [17,18]. Therefore, we recommend 18S rRNA to be a reference gene in expression study by reverse transcription PCR with a starting reverse transcription step using random primer to obtain the cDNA from even total RNA.…”