Expression, regulation and functional assessment of the 80 amino acid Small Adipocyte Factor 1 (Smaf1) protein in adipocytes

Ren, Gang; Eskandari, Parisa; Wang, Siqian; Smas, Cynthia M.

doi:10.1016/j.abb.2015.09.019

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…ADIG is located ∼116 kb from the rs6071166 variant and encodes a cytoplasmic adipocyte protein adipogenin, that is, similar to leptin, highly and specifically expressed in the adipose tissue 28 29 30 and upregulated by treatment with insulin and glucose 30 . Adig expression is also strongly upregulated in murine 3T3-L1 preadipocytes during in vitro differentiation into adipocytes 28 29 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adig expression is also strongly upregulated in murine 3T3-L1 preadipocytes during in vitro differentiation into adipocytes 28 29 . Two studies have investigated the effect of Adig knockdown on the differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells and expression of Pparγ2 , a master regulator of adipocyte differentiation, but with conflicting results; whereas the first study found Adig knockdown to block adipocyte differentiation and decrease Pparγ2 expression 28 , a later study found no similar changes 30 . When we measured Pparγ2 expression following Adig knockdown in PGAT explants containing mature adipocytes, we did not see a change as compared with controls ( Supplementary Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genome-wide meta-analysis uncovers novel loci influencing circulating leptin levels

Kilpeläinen¹,

Carli²,

Skowronski³

et al. 2016

Nat Commun

165

184

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Leptin is an adipocyte-secreted hormone, the circulating levels of which correlate closely with overall adiposity. Although rare mutations in the leptin (LEP) gene are well known to cause leptin deficiency and severe obesity, no common loci regulating circulating leptin levels have been uncovered. Therefore, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of circulating leptin levels from 32,161 individuals and followed up loci reaching P<10−6 in 19,979 additional individuals. We identify five loci robustly associated (P<5 × 10−8) with leptin levels in/near LEP, SLC32A1, GCKR, CCNL1 and FTO. Although the association of the FTO obesity locus with leptin levels is abolished by adjustment for BMI, associations of the four other loci are independent of adiposity. The GCKR locus was found associated with multiple metabolic traits in previous GWAS and the CCNL1 locus with birth weight. Knockdown experiments in mouse adipose tissue explants show convincing evidence for adipogenin, a regulator of adipocyte differentiation, as the novel causal gene in the SLC32A1 locus influencing leptin levels. Our findings provide novel insights into the regulation of leptin production by adipose tissue and open new avenues for examining the influence of variation in leptin levels on adiposity and metabolic health.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide meta-analysis uncovers novel loci influencing circulating leptin levels

Kilpeläinen¹,

Carli²,

Skowronski³

et al. 2016

Nat Commun

165

184

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“…In Arabidopsis, 20 of the 32 terpene synthase genes annotated were found to be expressed in flowers, which are responsible for the emission of both monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes (Chen et al, 2003). Microarray expression profiling also showed the distinct patterns of AtTPS genes in different organs (Ro et al, 2006). The diterpene ferruginol detected in S. miltiorrhiza root is an intermediate in the biosynthetic pathway to tanshinones (Guo et al, 2013; Ma et al, 2016), which are mainly synthesized in root (Yang et al, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of a Novel (-)-5-Epieremophilene Synthase from Salvia miltiorrhiza via Transcriptome Mining

Fang

Yang

et al. 2017

Front. Plant Sci.

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Salvia miltiorrhiza, a medicinal plant in China, has been used for thousands of years to treat coronary heart diseases. Although biosynthesis of tanshinones, a group of diterpenoids in S. miltiorrhiza, has been extensively investigated, to date we know little about the formation of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes in this medicinal plant. Here, we report the characterization of three sesquiterpene synthases, named SmSTPS1, SmSTPS2, and SmSTPS3, which catalyzed the formation of a new compound, (-)-5-epieremophilene. Additionally, the (-)-5-epieremophilene biosynthesis activity of SmSTPS1 was confirmed by transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana. Despite the similar enzyme activities of SmSTPS1, SmSTPS2, and SmSTPS3, the three (-)-5-epieremophilene synthase genes displayed different spatial expression patterns and responded differently to hormone treatments, implicating their specific roles in plant-environment interactions. Our results provide valuable data to understanding the biosynthesis and composition of terpenes in plant.

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“…Value of the data The Adig/Smaf1 gene encodes an adipose-enriched micropeptide of 80 amino acids [1] and there is a growing interest in the functions of proteins encoded by small open reading frames (sORFs) [2] . The Adig/Smaf1 gene was recently implicated in the regulation of human leptin levels based on GWAS data [3] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Adig/Smaf1 gene encodes an adipose-enriched micropeptide of 80 amino acids [1] and there is a growing interest in the functions of proteins encoded by small open reading frames (sORFs) [2] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Data on regulation of the gene for the adipocyte-enriched micropeptide Adig/Smaf1 by qPCR analysis and luciferase reporter assay

et al. 2016

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This article describes qPCR analysis for the Adig/Smaf1 gene in multiple in vitro adipocyte differentiation models including white and brown adipogenesis, cell lines and primary cultures. The article also contains qPCR data for transcript levels of Adig/Smaf1 in a wide panel of murine tissues. Expression of Adig/Smaf1 transcript in white and brown adipose tissue in fasted and refed mice is reported and also data for Adig/Smaf1 transcript expression in genetically obese ob/ob mice. Data on the effects of siRNA-mediated knockdown of Srebp1c on Adig/Smaf1 transcript levels in 3T3-L1 adipocytes are shown. Luciferase reporter assays provide data for regulation of an ~ 2 kb fragment of the 5′ flanking region of Adig/Smaf1 gene by PPARγ/RXRα. This data is related to a research article describing Adig/Smaf1 protein expression, “Expression, regulation and functional assessment of the 80 amino acid Small Adipocyte Factor 1 (Smaf1) protein in adipocytes” (G. Ren, P. Eskandari, S. Wang, C.M. Smas, 2016) [1].

show abstract

Expression, regulation and functional assessment of the 80 amino acid Small Adipocyte Factor 1 (Smaf1) protein in adipocytes

Cited by 12 publications

References 36 publications

Genome-wide meta-analysis uncovers novel loci influencing circulating leptin levels

Genome-wide meta-analysis uncovers novel loci influencing circulating leptin levels

Identification of a Novel (-)-5-Epieremophilene Synthase from Salvia miltiorrhiza via Transcriptome Mining

Data on regulation of the gene for the adipocyte-enriched micropeptide Adig/Smaf1 by qPCR analysis and luciferase reporter assay

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