Expression regulation of MALATE SYNTHASE involved in glyoxylate cycle during protocorm development in Phalaenopsis aphrodite (Orchidaceae)

Wu, Wen-Chung; Hsiao, Yu Yun; Lu, Hsiao‐Chi; Liang, Chieh Kai; Fu, Chih Hsiung; Huang, Tian; Chuang, Ming Hsiang; Chen, Li Jun; Liu, Zhong‐Jian; Tsai, Wen Chieh

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-66932-8

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…In agreement with these, the activities of ADH and LDH in treated cultivars were higher than the control groups (Figure 8), suggesting that other than glycolysis process, waterlogging stress induced anaerobic fermentation pathways, including lactic acid and alcohol fermentation (Wu et al, 2020). Lactic acid fermentation produces lactic acid, which would decrease cytosolic pH, thus inhibiting the LDH activity but activating ADH activity, which, as a result, lead to the transition from lactic acid fermentation to alcoholic fermentation (Dennis et al, 2000;An et al, 2016;Famiani et al, 2016;Wu et al, 2020;Pan et al, 2021). However, in waterlogging-tolerant plants, alcohol fermentation is more active than lactic acid fermentation (Dennis et al, 2000;Famiani et al, 2016;Wu et al, 2020;Pan et al, 2021), leading to slow accumulation of lactic acid and slow drop in cytosolic pH, and as a result, prolonged activity of LDH.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…For example, the unique hub DAPs in XH08 were mainly related to lactic acid fermentation, such as L-lactate dehydrogenase, NAD + -dependent malic enzyme, aspartate aminotransferase, and glutamate dehydrogenase as well as the enzymes related to malic acid metabolism and the glyoxylic acid cycle. In agreement with these, the activities of ADH and LDH in treated cultivars were higher than the control groups ( Figure 8 ), suggesting that other than glycolysis process, waterlogging stress induced anaerobic fermentation pathways, including lactic acid and alcohol fermentation ( Wu et al, 2020 ). Lactic acid fermentation produces lactic acid, which would decrease cytosolic pH, thus inhibiting the LDH activity but activating ADH activity, which, as a result, lead to the transition from lactic acid fermentation to alcoholic fermentation ( Dennis et al, 2000 ; An et al, 2016 ; Famiani et al, 2016 ; Wu et al, 2020 ; Pan et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…Lactic acid fermentation produces lactic acid, which would decrease cytosolic pH, thus inhibiting the LDH activity but activating ADH activity, which, as a result, lead to the transition from lactic acid fermentation to alcoholic fermentation ( Dennis et al, 2000 ; An et al, 2016 ; Famiani et al, 2016 ; Wu et al, 2020 ; Pan et al, 2021 ). However, in waterlogging-tolerant plants, alcohol fermentation is more active than lactic acid fermentation ( Dennis et al, 2000 ; Famiani et al, 2016 ; Wu et al, 2020 ; Pan et al, 2021 ), leading to slow accumulation of lactic acid and slow drop in cytosolic pH, and as a result, prolonged activity of LDH. These can be inferred from Figures 8A , B , 9 , in which the ADH activity in XH08 was always higher than ZH4, while the LDH activity of XH08 extended 3 more days than ZH4 until 12 days after waterlogging treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantitative Proteomics and Relative Enzymatic Activities Reveal Different Mechanisms in Two Peanut Cultivars (Arachis hypogaea L.) Under Waterlogging Conditions

et al. 2021

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Peanut is an important oil and economic crop in China. The rainy season (April–June) in the downstream Yangtze River in China always leads to waterlogging, which seriously affects plant growth and development. Therefore, understanding the metabolic mechanisms under waterlogging stress is important for future waterlogging tolerance breeding in peanut. In this study, waterlogging treatment was carried out in two different peanut cultivars [Zhonghua 4 (ZH4) and Xianghua08 (XH08)] with different waterlogging tolerance. The data-independent acquisition (DIA) technique was used to quantitatively identify the differentially accumulated proteins (DAPs) between two different cultivars. Meanwhile, the functions of DAPs were predicted, and the interactions between the hub DAPs were analyzed. As a result, a total of 6,441 DAPs were identified in ZH4 and its control, of which 49 and 88 DAPs were upregulated and downregulated under waterlogging stress, respectively, while in XH08, a total of 6,285 DAPs were identified, including 123 upregulated and 114 downregulated proteins, respectively. The hub DAPs unique to the waterlogging-tolerant cultivar XH08 were related to malate metabolism and synthesis, and the utilization of the glyoxylic acid cycle, such as L-lactate dehydrogenase, NAD+-dependent malic enzyme, aspartate aminotransferase, and glutamate dehydrogenase. In agreement with the DIA results, the alcohol dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase activities in XH08 were more active than ZH4 under waterlogging stress, and lactate dehydrogenase activity in XH08 was prolonged, suggesting that XH08 could better tolerate waterlogging stress by using various carbon sources to obtain energy, such as enhancing the activity of anaerobic respiration enzymes, catalyzing malate metabolism and the glyoxylic acid cycle, and thus alleviating the accumulation of toxic substances. This study provides insight into the mechanisms in response to waterlogging stress in peanuts and lays a foundation for future molecular breeding targeting in the improvement of peanut waterlogging tolerance, especially in rainy area, and will enhance the sustainable development in the entire peanut industry.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Quantitative Proteomics and Relative Enzymatic Activities Reveal Different Mechanisms in Two Peanut Cultivars (Arachis hypogaea L.) Under Waterlogging Conditions

et al. 2021

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“…The DEG Csa_1G050360 encoded glyoxysomal-like malate synthase (MLS) involved in the glyoxylate cycle: MLS catalyzes the synthesis of malate from glyoxylate and acetyl-CoA. MLS activity was reported to increase in Arabidopsis seedlings after imbibition and decrease after germination, and expression of the MLS gene was induced during sugar starvation [ 30 ]. This DEG was dramatically repressed at 20 dpi (log2(FoldChange) = −6.3) in cucumber plants infected with CGMMV.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic Analysis of Genes Involved in Plant Defense Response to the Cucumber Green Mottle Mosaic Virus Infection

Slavokhotova

Korostyleva

Shelenkov

et al. 2021

Life

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Plants have evolved a complex multilayered defense system to counteract various invading pathogens during their life cycle. In addition to silencing, considered to be a major molecular defense response against viruses, different signaling pathways activated by phytohormones trigger the expression of secondary metabolites and proteins preventing virus entry and propagation. In this study, we explored the response of cucumber plants to one of the global pathogens, cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV), which causes severe symptoms on leaves and fruits. The inbred line of Cucumis sativus L., which is highly susceptible to CGMMV, was chosen for inoculation. Transcriptomes of infected plants at the early and late stages of infection were analyzed in comparison with the corresponding transcriptomes of healthy plants using RNA-seq. The changes in the signaling pathways of ethylene and salicylic and jasmonic acids, as well as the differences in silencing response and expression of pathogenesis-related proteins and transcription factors, were revealed. The results show that silencing was strongly suppressed in infected plants, while the salicylic acid and ethylene signaling pathways were induced. The genes encoding pathogenesis-related proteins and the genes involved in the jasmonic acid pathway changed their expression insignificantly. It was also found that WRKY and NAC were the most sensitive to CGMMV infection among the transcription factors detected.

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“…Seed storage lipid cannot be used directly to provide energy for germination. The glyoxylate cycle, the TCA cycle, and gluconeogenesis are crucial for the transformation of stored lipids into soluble sugars for germination energy requirements [46]. ICL is one of the key enzymes in the glyoxylate cycle, which catalyzes the cleavage of isocitrate to glyoxylate and succinate, and succinate enters mitochondria for subsequent reactions [47].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydro-Electro Hybrid Priming Promotes Carrot (Daucus carota L.) Seed Germination by Activating Lipid Utilization and Respiratory Metabolism

Zhao

García

Zhao

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Carrot (Daucus carota L.) is widely cultivated as one of the most important root crops, and developing an effective presowing treatment method can promote the development of modern mechanized precision sowing. In the present study, a novel seed priming technology, named hydro-electro hybrid priming (HEHP), was used to promote the germination of carrot seeds. Seed germination experiments showed that HEHP was able to increase the germination index (GI) and vigor index (VI) by 3.1-fold and 6.8-fold, respectively, and the effect was significantly superior to that of hydro-priming (HYD) and electrostatic field treatment (EF). The consumption and utilization rate of seed storage reserves were also greatly improved. Meanwhile, both glyoxysomes and mitochondria were found to appear ahead of time in the endosperm cells of HEHP through observations of the subcellular structure of the endosperm. Activities of isocitrate lyase (ICL), NAD-dependent malate dehydrogenase (MDH), pyruvate kinase (PK), and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) were significantly increased by HEHP. From transcriptome results, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways related to the glyoxylate cycle, glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and the citrate cycle were significantly enriched and real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis confirmed the expression pattern of 15 critical differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in these pathways. All DEGs encoding MDH, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), and PK were upregulated in HEHP; thus, it is reasonable to infer that the transformation of malate, oxalacetate, phosphoenolpyruvate, and pyruvate in the cytoplasm may be pivotal for the energy supply during early germination. The results suggest that the optimal effect of HEHP is achieved by initiating stored lipid utilization and respiratory metabolism pathways related to germination.

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Expression regulation of MALATE SYNTHASE involved in glyoxylate cycle during protocorm development in Phalaenopsis aphrodite (Orchidaceae)

Cited by 13 publications

References 45 publications

Quantitative Proteomics and Relative Enzymatic Activities Reveal Different Mechanisms in Two Peanut Cultivars (Arachis hypogaea L.) Under Waterlogging Conditions

Quantitative Proteomics and Relative Enzymatic Activities Reveal Different Mechanisms in Two Peanut Cultivars (Arachis hypogaea L.) Under Waterlogging Conditions

Transcriptomic Analysis of Genes Involved in Plant Defense Response to the Cucumber Green Mottle Mosaic Virus Infection

Hydro-Electro Hybrid Priming Promotes Carrot (Daucus carota L.) Seed Germination by Activating Lipid Utilization and Respiratory Metabolism

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