Extended exergy accounting applied to biodiesel production

Peiró, Laura Talens; Villalba, Gara; Sciubba, Enrico; Durany, Xavier Gabarrell

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2010.03.015

Cited by 59 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Exergy analysis for bioenergy applications has also been performed for biodiesel [9], biomass gasification [10][11][12][13], and bioethanol production [14]. Most recently, exergy analysis has provided a useful tool in LCA studies of renewable energy [15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass Balance, Energy, and Exergy Analysis of Bio-Oil Production by Fast Pyrolysis

Boateng¹,

Mullen

Osgood-Jacobs³

et al. 2012

Journal of Energy Resources Technology

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Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Mass, energy, and exergy balances are analyzed for bio-oil production in a bench-scale fast pyrolysis system developed by the USDA's Agricultural Research Sen'ice (ARS) for the processing of commodity crops to fuel intermediates. Because mass balance closure is difficult to achieve due, in part, to the system's small size and complexity a linear programming optimization model is developed to improve closure of elemental balances without losing the overall representation of the pyrolysis products. The model results provide an opportunity to analyze true energy and exergy balances for the system. While energy comparisons are based on heating values, exergy flows are computed using statistical relationships and other standard techniques. Comparisons were made for a variety of biomass feedstocks including energy crops and various byproducts of agriculture and bioenergy industiy. The mass model allows for proper accounting of sources of mass loss and suggestions for improved system performance. Energy recovery and exergetic efficiency are compared for a variety of pyrolysis product utilization scenarios including use of biochar and noncondensable gases as heat sources. Exergetic efficiencies show high potential for energy utilization when all the pyrolysis product streams can be recycled to recuperate their internal energy. The exergy analysis can be beneficial to developing exergetic life cycle assessments (ELCA) for the fast pyrolysis process as sustainable technology for advanced biofuels production.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass Balance, Energy, and Exergy Analysis of Bio-Oil Production by Fast Pyrolysis

Boateng¹,

Mullen

Osgood-Jacobs³

et al. 2012

Journal of Energy Resources Technology

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“…Several examples of application of the EEA method have been published in the recent archival literature [45][46][47][48][49]51,52,[58][59][60]85,86]. We are presenting here two of the most recent studies, related to the Transportation Sectors of China and Turkey, respectively.…”

Section: Two Examples Of Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Differences among Countries are apparent in Table 1, and in general it can be said that a lower α is a symptom of lower life standards: As a matter of fact, in [55,60] a significant correlation was shown to exist between  and the Human Development Index, HDI [82]. The interpretation of the β factor is not so univocal: If we denote by S the cumulative amount of wages [€/yr], while it is true that low values of this coefficient [(M2 -S) small w.r.t.…”

Section: The Equivalent Exergy Of Capitalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 1998, this author introduced the Extended Exergy Accounting method [43], later developed and perfected in other related publications [7,8,39,[44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60]. The Extended Exergy (discussed in detail in Section 3 here below) borrows some concepts from Odum's Emergy Analysis [21], some from an original and little-known proposal by Tribus & McIrvine [61], and some from ECT/CEC, and results in a cost quantifier that is purely physical (expressed in J/unit of product) and is equal to the (properly weighted) sum of the exergy of the input materials, of the energy inputs, of the labor, of the capital and of the environmental remediation expenses, each measured by its respective equivalent amount of primary resource.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Thermodynamically Correct Treatment of Externalities with an Exergy-Based Numeraire

Sciubba

2012

Sustainability

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Abstract:The concept of "sustainable development" implies that the environmental externalities unavoidably generated by human activities be reduced to a minimum: In fact, the very definition of "sustainability" leads-as it will be briefly discussed in the paperto a physically measurable upper limit for untreated discharges. Since the current state of affairs on Earth is far from being sustainable, any proposal for a future scenario that is not substantiated by an accurate assessment of the effects of the environmental externalities is devoid of real sense and ought not to be pursued. The present paper illustrates the application of Extended Exergy Accounting (EEA) to the quantification of such externalities. The exergy flow diagrams of EEA include non-material and non-energetic production factors like labor, and capital and environmental remediation costs, providing a quantitative measure of the amount of primary resources that are cumulatively used in the production of a good or service, and it is shown to provide a wealth of quantitative information to energy managers and planners.

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“…This allowed us to identify how different researchers classify inputs and outputs, the characterisation factors applied, and the scope of secondary studies. In total 129 secondary data entries, 82 percent from SimaPro, and the rest from 14 references [37,62,[68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77] were analysed to give support to the method presented in this paper. Table 1 summarises the key findings.…”

Section: Data Entry and Inventorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Exergy Replacement Cost of Fossil Fuels: Closing the Carbon Cycle

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The Exergy Replacement Cost (ERC) is an indicator that is used to ascertain the sustainability of non-renewable resource depletion. Specifically, it measures the amount of exergy society would have to expend if it were forced to re-capture and re-concentrate dispersed minerals back into a manmade usable deposit. Due to an assumption regarding the non-substitutability of fossil fuels, the original method failed to properly account for them. In fact, it sub-estimated their exergy replacement cost forty-seven-fold, on average, when considering solar radiation to fuel, and by approximately fivefold when going from crop to fuel. This new method, via the cumulative exergy consumption (CExC), calculates the exergy replacement cost of photosynthesis and bio-energy production, as together they form the best available technology when it comes to closing the carbon cycle. This approach ties together the "cradle to grave" to the "grave to cradle", standardises the ERC calculations and enables comparisons between fuel and non-fuel mineral consumption. It also opens a discussion as to the role of the ERC in sustainability debates and whether resource depletion should be a matter of geological patrimony or material/energy services.

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Extended exergy accounting applied to biodiesel production

Cited by 59 publications

References 28 publications

Mass Balance, Energy, and Exergy Analysis of Bio-Oil Production by Fast Pyrolysis

Mass Balance, Energy, and Exergy Analysis of Bio-Oil Production by Fast Pyrolysis

A Thermodynamically Correct Treatment of Externalities with an Exergy-Based Numeraire

Exergy Replacement Cost of Fossil Fuels: Closing the Carbon Cycle

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