Extensive and complex HIV-1 recombination between B’, C and CRF01_AE among IDUs in south-east Asia

Pang, Wei; Zhang, Chiyu; Lin, Dan-Dan; Zhou, Yan-Heng; Yao, Zhihong; Liu, Feng-Liang; Li, Hong; Tu, Yuan-Quan; Zheng, Yong‐Tang

doi:10.1097/qad.0b013e3283522c97

Cited by 56 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Conversely, the HIV-1 strains circulating in the China-Myanmar border region showed a rapidly increased genetic diversity [3,5,6,33]. Pure HIV-1 subtypes, including B, C and CRF01_AE, were rarely detected among IDUs in this region; this increase in genetic diversity was accompanied by the rapidly increased prevalence of HIV-1 inter-subtype recombinants (greater than 87.3%) [3,4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pure HIV-1 subtypes, including B, C and CRF01_AE, were rarely detected among IDUs in this region; this increase in genetic diversity was accompanied by the rapidly increased prevalence of HIV-1 inter-subtype recombinants (greater than 87.3%) [3,4]. The most common HIV-1 recombinants were RF_BC and RF_01BC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most common HIV-1 recombinants were RF_BC and RF_01BC. We found that the proportions of RF_BC and RF_01BC were 36.4% and 26.1%, respectively, among the Yunnan-mIDUs; these values were intermediate between those among the IDUs in Dehong (82.4% and 3.3%) and Northern Myanmar (48.1% and 36.7%) [3,4]. Therefore, Yunnan-mIDUs were hypothesized to mediate HIV-1 cross-border transmission through contact with both Burmese and Chinese IDUs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the HIV-1 seropositive samples, partial HIV-1 p17, pol, vif-env and env genes were amplified as previously described [3]. Briefly, viral RNA was extracted from plasma using the High Pure Viral RNA Kit (Roche Diagnostics Ltd., Mannheim, 11858882001).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HIV Recombinant forms (RFs), including unique recombinant forms (URFs) and CRFs, were predominant in the China-Myanmar border region [2–6]. In particular, the proportions of RF_BC (82.4% vs. 48.1%) and RF_01BC (3.3% vs. 36.7%) among IDUs were markedly different between the Yunnan and Myanmar sides, respectively [3–5]. This difference might imply that there were specific populations responsible for HIV-1 cross-border dissemination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Burmese injecting drug users in Yunnan play a pivotal role in the cross-border transmission of HIV-1 in the China-Myanmar border region

Chen

Wang

et al. 2018

Virulence

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Injecting drug users (IDUs) are the major risk group for HIV-1 infection in the China-Myanmar border area. There are a large number of Burmese IDUs living in Yunnan (Yunnan-mIDUs) who might be associated with the cross-border transmission of HIV-1. From 2010 to 2013, 617 Yunnan-mIDUs were recruited from three counties of Yunnan, 19.0% of whom were detected to be HIV-1 positive by serological testing. Partial HIV-1 p17, pol, vif-env, and env genes were amplified from the positive samples and were sequenced. Phylogenetic and HIV-1 subtyping analyses revealed that HIV-1 recombinant forms (RFs), including RF_BC (36.4%), RF_01BC (26.1%), RF_01C (9.1%) and RF_01B (1.1%), were predominant among this cohort. Of the identified HIV-1 strains, 14.8%, 9.1% and 3.4% belonged to subtype C, CRF01_AE and subtype B, respectively. Transmission cluster analysis showed that sequences from the Yunnan-mIDUs formed transmission clusters not only with those from Burmese IDUs but also with those from Chinese IDUs, indicating that Yunnan-mIDUs might acquire HIV-1 infection from or spread HIV-1 to both Burmese and Chinese IDUs. Phylogeographic analyses revealed three cross-border transmission patterns associated with Yunnan-mIDUs, in which Yunnan-mIDUs served as the crucial nodes linking the Burmese and Chinese IDUs. These results suggest that Yunnan-mIDUs are a potential viral reservoir for the diffusion of HIV-1 in Yunnan and play a pivotal role in the bidirectional cross-border transmission of HIV-1 in the China-Myanmar border region. More intervention efforts that focus on Yunnan-mIDUs are recommended in Yunnan’s campaign against HIV/AIDS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Burmese injecting drug users in Yunnan play a pivotal role in the cross-border transmission of HIV-1 in the China-Myanmar border region

Chen

Wang

et al. 2018

Virulence

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Phylogenetic characteristics of HIV‐1 among travelers entering China from Myanmar: A retrospective study

Zhang

Wang

Liang

et al. 2017

Journal of Medical Virology

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Due to the open policy of the Chinese government, a large number of Burmese individuals enter China at land ports in Yunnan province for travel or business. However, the situation of HIV-1 infection and its phylogenetic characteristics among these travelers remains unclear, which is a potential threat to public health. From January 2003 to December 2012, a total of 1,961 travelers were detected to be positive for HIV-1 infection at land ports between Myanmar and Yunnan province, China. From 1153 (58.8%) Burmese of them, we randomly collected 489 serum samples for HIV-1 subtype/recombinant analysis. Based on successfully obtained 223 gag-RT sequences, 187 of them were genotyped as 2 subtypes and 3 CRFs. CRF01_AE was showed to be the most prevalent genotype (54.3%), followed by subtypes C (13.5%) and B (10.8%). Notably, CRF07_BC (1.3%) and CRF08_BC (4.0%) were mainly distributed in travelers from Shan state and Kachin (91.7%, 11/12), but was not found in travelers from the capital city of Yangon (0/16). Additionally, there were 36 samples (16.1%) were preliminary determined as unique recombinant forms (URFs). The higher HIV-1 infection among entering travelers from Myanmar and its diverse and complex genotypes distribution suggest this bridge population may facilitate the transmission of HIV-1. It is necessary to have the strict monitoring on this population for prevention of HIV-1 cross-border transmission.

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Laos is Affected by HIV CRF01_AE and the Newly Identified CRF97_01B

Chen

Wang

et al. 2020

Virol. Sin.

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Extensive and complex HIV-1 recombination between B’, C and CRF01_AE among IDUs in south-east Asia

Abstract: The extremely high proportion of intersubtype recombinants, especially CRF01_AE/B'/C recombinants (42.6%), strongly suggests that northern Myanmar is a big forge for HIV-1 recombination among CRF01_AE, B' and C.

Cited by 56 publications

References 25 publications

Burmese injecting drug users in Yunnan play a pivotal role in the cross-border transmission of HIV-1 in the China-Myanmar border region

Burmese injecting drug users in Yunnan play a pivotal role in the cross-border transmission of HIV-1 in the China-Myanmar border region

Phylogenetic characteristics of HIV‐1 among travelers entering China from Myanmar: A retrospective study

Laos is Affected by HIV CRF01_AE and the Newly Identified CRF97_01B

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