Extensive signal integration by the phytohormone protein network

Altmann, Melina; Altmann, Stefan; Rodríguez, Patricia; Weller, Benjamin; Vergara, Lena Elorduy; Palme, Julius; Rosa, Nora Marín-de la; Sauer, Mayra; Wenig, Marion; Villaécija-Aguilar, José Antonio; Sales, Jennifer; Lin, Chung Wen; Pandiarajan, Ramakrishnan; Young, Veronika; Strobel, Alexandra; Groß, Lisa; Carbonnel, Samy; Kugler, Karl G.; Garcia‐Molina, Antoni; Bassel, George W.; Falter, Claudia; Mayer, Klaus; Gutjahr, Caroline; Vlot, A. Corina; Grill, Erwin; Falter‐Braun, Pascal

doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2460-0

Cited by 138 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Phytohormones are naturally existing small organic signaling molecules; they play significant roles in coordinating responses to environmental cues with developmental programs at vanishingly low concentrations and are indispensable for stress resilience and crop yield (Altmann et al, 2020). Phenylpropanoid metabolism is under the regulation of diverse phytohormone signal pathways, for instance, auxin, ethylene, jasmonate (JA), strigolactone (SL), and gibberellin (GA; Figure 4).…”

Section: Phytohormonal Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of phenylpropanoid metabolism to plant development and plant–environment interactions

Dong

Lin

2021

JIPB

828

429

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Phenylpropanoid metabolism is one of the most important metabolisms in plants, yielding more than 8,000 metabolites contributing to plant development and plant-environment interplay. Phenylpropanoid metabolism materialized during the evolution of early freshwater algae that were initiating terrestrialization and land plants have evolved multiple branches of this pathway, which give rise to metabolites including lignin, flavonoids, lignans, phenylpropanoid esters, hydroxycinnamic acid amides, and sporopollenin. Recent studies have revealed that many factors participate in the regulation of phenylpropanoid metabolism, and modulate phenylpropanoid homeostasis when plants undergo successive developmental processes and are subjected to stressful environments. In this review, we summarize recent progress on elucidating the contribution of phenylpropanoid metabolism to the coordination of plant development and plantenvironment interaction, and metabolic flux redirection among diverse metabolic routes. In addition, our review focuses on the regulation of phenylpropanoid metabolism at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, post-translational, and epigenetic levels, and in response to phytohormones and biotic and abiotic stresses.

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Section: Phytohormonal Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of phenylpropanoid metabolism to plant development and plant–environment interactions

Dong

Lin

2021

JIPB

828

429

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“…Protein–protein interactions are of major importance for hormone pathway crosstalk. Recently, an extensive network of protein–protein interactions between members of all hormone pathways in Arabidopsis was revealed using yeast two‐hybrid with 1226 genes with probable or genetically demonstrated functions in plant hormone signaling (Altmann et al ., 2020). Not only was there high connectivity within each single hormone pathway, but also many inter‐pathway contact points were uncovered.…”

Section: Crosstalk At the Protein Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hormone receptors were especially often found to interact with proteins that were not involved in the canonical hormone pathway of the receptor (Altmann et al ., 2020). This suggests that signaling by hormone receptors through non‐canonical pathways has a more prominent role in integrated hormone signaling than previously anticipated.…”

Section: Crosstalk At the Protein Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple levels of crosstalk in hormone networks regulating plant defense

2020

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Summary Plant hormones are essential for regulating the interactions between plants and their complex biotic and abiotic environments. Each hormone initiates a specific molecular pathway and these different hormone pathways are integrated in a complex network of synergistic, antagonistic and additive interactions. This inter‐pathway communication is called hormone crosstalk. By influencing the immune network topology, hormone crosstalk is essential for tailoring plant responses to diverse microbes and insects in diverse environmental and internal contexts. Crosstalk provides robustness to the immune system but also drives specificity of induced defense responses against the plethora of biotic interactors. Recent advances in dry‐lab and wet‐lab techniques have greatly enhanced our understanding of the broad‐scale effects of hormone crosstalk on immune network functioning and have revealed underlying principles of crosstalk mechanisms. Molecular studies have demonstrated that hormone crosstalk is modulated at multiple levels of regulation, such as by affecting protein stability, gene transcription and hormone homeostasis. These new insights into hormone crosstalk regulation of plant defense are reviewed here, with a focus on crosstalk acting on the jasmonic acid pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana, highlighting the transcription factors MYC2 and ORA59 as major targets for modulation by other hormones.

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“…The crosstalk of BRs and auxin plays crucial roles in many aspects of plant growth and development, such as cell elongation, organ pattern formation, and vascular development (Woodward and Bartel, 2005;Altmann et al, 2020). For instance, SMOS1 and SMOS2/DLT integrate auxin and BR signalings to regulate lamina joint bending in rice (Hirano et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brassinosteroid Signaling Converges With Auxin-Mediated C3H17 to Regulate Xylem Formation in Populus

et al. 2020

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Brassinosteroid (BR) signaling has long been reported to have an effect on xylem development, but the detailed mechanism remains unclear, especially in tree species. In this study, we find PdC3H17, which was demonstrated to mediate xylem formation driven by auxin in our previous report, is also involved in BR-promoted xylem development. Y1H analysis, EMSA, and transcription activation assay confirmed that PdC3H17 was directly targeted by PdBES1, which is a key transcriptional regulator in BR signaling. Tissue specificity expression analysis and in situ assay revealed that PdC3H17 had an overlapping expression profile with PdBES1. Hormone treatment examinations verified that xylem phenotypes in PdC3H17 transgenic plants, which were readily apparent in normal condition, were attenuated by treatment with either brassinolide or the BR biosynthesis inhibitor propiconazole. The subsequent quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analyses further revealed that BR converged with PdC3H17 to influence transcription of downstream xylem-related genes. Additionally, the enhancement of xylem differentiation by auxin in PdC3H17 overexpression plants was significantly attenuated compared with wild-type and dominant negative plants due to BR deficiency, which suggested that the BRand auxin-responsive gene PdC3H17 acted as an mediation of these two hormones to facilitate xylem development. Taken together, our results demonstrate that BR signaling converges with auxin-mediated PdC3H17 to regulate xylem formation in Populus and thus provide insight into the regulation mechanism of BRs and the crosstalk with auxin signaling on xylem formation.

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Extensive signal integration by the phytohormone protein network

Abstract: Orchard, S. et al. The MIntAct project--IntAct as a common curation platform for 11 molecular interaction databases. Nucleic Acids Res 42, D358-363,

Cited by 138 publications

References 46 publications

Contribution of phenylpropanoid metabolism to plant development and plant–environment interactions

Contribution of phenylpropanoid metabolism to plant development and plant–environment interactions

Multiple levels of crosstalk in hormone networks regulating plant defense

Brassinosteroid Signaling Converges With Auxin-Mediated C3H17 to Regulate Xylem Formation in Populus

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