External Ocular Surface and Lens Microbiota in Contact Lens Wearers With Corneal Infiltrates During Extended Wear of Hydrogel Lenses

Willcox, Mark; Sharma, Savitri; Naduvilath, Thomas; Sankaridurg, Padmaja; Gopinathan, Usha; Holden, Brien A.

doi:10.1097/icl.0b013e31820d12db

Cited by 54 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…1,10,11 Contact lens related acute red eye (CLARE), contact lens peripheral ulcer (CLPU), and infiltrative keratitis (IK) are also associated with contact lens wear. 12,13 These inflammatory adverse events are associated with microbial (mainly gram negative bacteria or S. aureus) colonization of contact lenses. 12,14,15 Antibiotic resistance among the ocular pathogens has been increasing in parallel with the increase observed in systemic bacterial infections.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broad Spectrum Antimicrobial Activity of Melimine Covalently Bound to Contact Lenses

Dutta

Cole

Kumar

et al. 2013

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

113

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PURPOSE. To develop a stable antimicrobial contact lens, which is effective against the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) panel microorganisms, Acanthamoeba castellanii and drug resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. METHODS.Melimine was covalently incorporated into etafilcon A lenses. The amount of peptide present on the lens surface was quantified using amino acid analysis. After coating, the heat stability (1218C), lens surface hydrophobicity (by captive bubble), and in vitro cytotoxicity to mouse L929 cells of the lenses were investigated. Antimicrobial activity against the micro-organisms was evaluated by viable plate count and fluorescence microscopy, measuring the proportion of cell death compared with control lenses with no melimine. RESULTS.The most effective concentration was determined to be 152 6 44 lg lens À1 melimine on the lens surface. After coating, lenses were relatively hydrophilic and were nontoxic to mammalian cells. The activity remained high after autoclaving (e.g., 3.1, 3.9, 1.2, and 1.0 log inhibition against P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, A. castellanii, and Fusarium solani, respectively). Fluorescence microscopy confirmed significantly reduced (P < 0.001) adhesion of viable bacteria to melimine contact lenses. Viable count confirmed that lenses were active against all the bacteria and fungi from the ISO panel, Acanthamoeba and gave at least 2 log inhibition against all the multidrug resistant S. aureus and P. aeruginosa strains.CONCLUSIONS. Melimine may offer excellent potential for development as a broad spectrum antimicrobial coating for contact lenses, showing activity against all the bacterial and fungal ISO panel microorganisms, Acanthamoeba, and antibiotic resistant strains of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broad Spectrum Antimicrobial Activity of Melimine Covalently Bound to Contact Lenses

Dutta

Cole

Kumar

et al. 2013

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

113

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“…4 Although rare, microbial keratitis (MK) is a sight-threatening contact lensY related infection. 5Y7 These continue to be an ongoing problem with contact lens wear for wearers and practitioners alike.…”

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confidence: 99%

Biocompatibility of Antimicrobial Melimine Lenses

Dutta¹,

Ozkan²,

Willcox

2014

Optometry and Vision Science

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“…54 A number of reports suggest that most of these conditions are not due to hypoxic stress, but rather due to the presence of bacterial exotoxins, which could lead to inflammatory complications if their removal is delayed due to tear stagnation beneath the lens. 40,48,55 While not inflammatory in nature, ''mucin balls'' are a further complication observed with EW/CW of SiHy lenses. 56---61 These spherical, translucent, insoluble bodies, ranging in diameter from 10 to 100 m, are composed of naturally occurring tear film mucins and form between the back surface of a contact lens and the cornea, being rigid enough to indent and leave an imprint on the epithelial surface ( Fig.…”

Section: Role Of Tear Exchange In Contact Lens Wearmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…37---39 Despite excellent oxygen permeability properties, reviews indicate that SiHy wearers still develop a number of adverse events when lenses are worn overnight. 2,40---45 These include inflammatory conditions, including contact lens peripheral ulcers, (CLPU) 46---50 contact lens-induced acute red eye (CLARE) 47,48,51 and infiltrative keratitis (IK). 43---45,47,48,51,52 Incidence for these events varies between 1% and 5% in CW SiHy wearers, with recurrence rates being as high as 10% for CLPU, 14% with IK and 29% for CLARE.…”

Section: Role Of Tear Exchange In Contact Lens Wearmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tear exchange and contact lenses: A review

Müntz

Subbaraman

Sorbara

et al. 2015

Journal of Optometry

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Tear exchange beneath a contact lens facilitates ongoing fluid replenishment between the ocular surface and the lens. This exchange is considerably lower during the wear of soft lenses compared with rigid lenses. As a result, the accumulation of tear film debris and metabolic by-products between the cornea and a soft contact lens increases, potentially leading to complications. Lens design innovations have been proposed, but no substantial improvement in soft lens tear exchange has been reported. Researchers have determined post-lens tear exchange using several methods, notably fluorophotometry. However, due to technological limitations, little remains known about tear hydrodynamics around the lens and, to-date, true tear exchange with contact lenses has not been shown. Further knowledge regarding tear exchange could be vital in aiding better contact lens design, with the prospect of alleviating certain adverse ocular responses. This article reviews the literature to-date on the significance, implications and measurement of tear exchange with contact lenses.

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External Ocular Surface and Lens Microbiota in Contact Lens Wearers With Corneal Infiltrates During Extended Wear of Hydrogel Lenses

Abstract: Bacterial carriage on contact lenses during EW predisposes the wearer to the development of corneal inflammatory events including CLARE, CLPU, and AI.

Cited by 54 publications

References 30 publications

Broad Spectrum Antimicrobial Activity of Melimine Covalently Bound to Contact Lenses

Broad Spectrum Antimicrobial Activity of Melimine Covalently Bound to Contact Lenses

Biocompatibility of Antimicrobial Melimine Lenses

Tear exchange and contact lenses: A review

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