External training load and the effects on training response following three different training sessions in young elite beach volleyball players

Abstract

<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose</jats:title><jats:p> The interaction between external training load (ETL) and players internal response in beach volleyball is currently poor investigated. Using single parameters (e.g. jump volume) described in indoor settings is questionable due to specific load characteristics like sandy ground and reduced number of players. The aim of this work is to analyze ETL and the effects on training response in different beach volleyball training settings. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p> This study was conducted with 7 youth elite athletes (age: 18.9 ± 1.3 years, height: 185.2 ± 7 cm, body mass: 75.9 ± 10.4 kg, 2 males/5 females). Training sessions were classified into three categories with (A) high session jump volume (SJV) and lower proportions of other action types like diving, reception, defense actions and setting, (B) moderate SJV and (C) low SJV and higher proportions of other action types. Delayed Onset of Muscle Soreness [DOMS], Creatinkinase [CK] and session rate of perceived exertion [s-RPE] were analyzed as training response markers. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p> Mean pre to post differences in CMJ-Height were highest at sessions with high jump volume and less other actions (Session A) with no significant differences between (C) to (B) ( p = .128), (C) to (A) ( p = .237) and (B) to (A) ( p = .101). Response markers (DOMS, s-RPE, CK) showed increased values at session type C. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p> SJV does not seem to trigger training response with higher marker responsiveness during low frequency sessions. Changes in directions, diving or fast getting up might rather provoke fatigue during training. </jats:p></jats:sec>

Influence of static balances level on competitive performance indicators of athletes 17-21 years old in beach volleyball

“…The study confirmed the data of Tymoshchenko [5], Pelzer et al [6], Wergin et al [7], Kostiukevich [29] on the management of technical and tactical activities and sports training, strength and endurance of leg muscles. The data of Balasas et al [31] on the use of loads for the development of coordination, agility, vestibular stability, strength and endurance of the leg muscles are also confirmed.…”

“…The leading physical qualities of beach volleyball athletes are: strength, and on its basis -speed-power and speed qualities and agility [4][5][6][7][8]. Agility is based on coordination abilities, which largely depend on the stability of vestibular reactions.…”

Combined impact method in the preparatory period of the annual macrocycle of female volleyball players aged 18–19 years old

“…The training process is characterized by the widespread use of means that can cause a stormy course of adaptation processes. It is fundamentally important that the period of the athlete's maximum predisposition to achieve high results coincides with the period of the most intense training loads [6][7][8][9].…”

“…Various tasks of special training are solved during the entire preparatory period. This approach ensures the successful performance of the athlete in important competitions [2,9,10].…”

“…The level of sports achievements in volleyball depends on the technical, physical, psychological and tactical readiness of the athlete. To demonstrate high sports results, it is important to achieve a certain level of development of these sides of readiness and ensure their integral manifestation in the process of competitive activity [1,2].…”