Extracellular DNA Contributes to Dental Biofilm Stability

Schlafer, Sebastian; Dige, Irene; Regina, Viduthalai R.

doi:10.1159/000477447

Cited by 32 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The mature biofilm may still have e-DNA in the matrix but strengthening of the matrix by methods other than e-DNA in mature biofilms might render DNase ineffective. The results obtained in the current study are in complete agreement with a very recently published study wherein the antibiofilm effect of DNase was reported to be diminishing with the advancing age of biofilm [ 34 ]. Moreover, the efficacy of DNase is also dependent on availability of Mg 2+ ion as discussed in detail in the following section.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Antibiofilm Effect of DNase against Single and Mixed Species Biofilm

Sharma¹,

Singh²

2018

Foods

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Biofilms are aggregates of microorganisms that coexist in socially coordinated micro-niche in a self-produced polymeric matrix on pre-conditioned surfaces. The biofilm matrix reduces the efficacy of antibiofilm strategies. DNase degrades the extracellular DNA (e-DNA) present in the matrix, rendering the matrix weak and susceptible to antimicrobials. In the current study, the effect of DNase I was evaluated during biofilm formation (pre-treatment), on preformed biofilms (post-treatment) and both (dual treatment). The DNase I pre-treatment was optimized for P. aeruginosa PAO1 (model biofilm organism) at 10 µg/mL and post-treatment at 10 µg/mL with 15 min of contact duration. Inclusion of Mg2+ alongside DNase I post-treatment resulted in 90% reduction in biofilm within only 5 min of contact time (irrespective of age of biofilm). On extension of these findings, DNase I was found to be less effective against mixed species biofilm than individual biofilms. DNase I can be used as potent antibiofilm agent and with further optimization can be effectively used for biofilm prevention and reduction in situ.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Antibiofilm Effect of DNase against Single and Mixed Species Biofilm

Sharma¹,

Singh²

2018

Foods

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“…Moreover, microbial aggregation during aerobic granulation and consequently biomass density and size are positively affected by increased exDNA amounts (Xiong and Liu 2012 ). In oral biofilms, the exDNA consists not only of microbial but also of host-DNA but exhibits similar functions than in other biofilms (reviewed by Jakubovics and Burgess 2015 ; Schlafer et al 2017 ).…”

Section: Biofilmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular DNA in natural environments: features, relevance and applications

Nagler

Insam

Pietramellara

et al. 2018

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

190

151

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Extracellular DNA (exDNA) is abundant in many habitats, including soil, sediments, oceans and freshwater as well as the intercellular milieu of metazoa. For a long time, its origin has been assumed to be mainly lysed cells. Nowadays, research is collecting evidence that exDNA is often secreted actively and is used to perform a number of tasks, thereby offering an attractive target or tool for biotechnological, medical, environmental and general microbiological applications. The present review gives an overview on the main research areas dealing with exDNA, depicts its inherent origins and functions and deduces the potential of existing and emerging exDNA-based applications. Furthermore, it provides an overview on existing extraction methods and indicates common pitfalls that should be avoided whilst working with exDNA.

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“…Biofilm formation within the gut is now receiving more interest as a mechanism of immune dysregulation, tipping the scales between Th17 and Treg cells. Dalpke et al (2006) described the activation of TLR-9 via bacterial cell contents including DNA, a major constituent of bacterial biofilms ( Schlafer et al, 2017 ). Interestingly biofilm formation has been implicated in the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), where a structural protein of the biofilm called a curli (amyloid fibril) was capable of binding to bacterial DNA, creating an immunogenic complex inducing an immune response via DC presentation ( Gallo et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: The Gut Microbiome and Ramentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of the Microbiome in Driving RA-Related Autoimmunity

Rooney

Mankia

Emery

2020

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Once referred to as “normal commensal flora” the human microbiome plays an integral role between health and disease. The host mucosal surface replete with a multitude of immune cells is a vast arena constantly sensing and responding to antigen presentation and microbial by-products. It is this key role that may allow the microbiome to prime or protect the host from autoimmune disease. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, disabling inflammatory condition characterized by a complex multifactorial etiology. The presence of certain genetic markers has been proven to increase susceptibility to RA however it does not guarantee disease development. Given low concordance rates demonstrated in monozygotic twin studies there is a clear implication for the involvement of external players in RA pathogenesis. Since the historical description of rheumatoid factor, numerous additional autoantibodies have been described in the sera of RA patients. The presence of anti-cyclic citrullinated protein antibody is now a standard test, and is associated with a more severe disease course. Interestingly these antibodies are detectable in patient’s sera long before the clinical signs of RA occur. The production of autoantibodies is driven by the lack of tolerance of the immune system, and how tolerance is broken is a crucial question for understanding RA development. Here we review current literature on the role of the microbiome in RA development including periodontal, gut and lung mucosa, with particular focus on proposed mechanisms of host microbiome interactions. We discuss the use of Mendelian randomization to assign causality to the microbiome and present considerations for future studies.

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Extracellular DNA Contributes to Dental Biofilm Stability

Cited by 32 publications

References 39 publications

Antibiofilm Effect of DNase against Single and Mixed Species Biofilm

Antibiofilm Effect of DNase against Single and Mixed Species Biofilm

Extracellular DNA in natural environments: features, relevance and applications

The Role of the Microbiome in Driving RA-Related Autoimmunity

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