Extracellular vesicle-derived TP53BP1, CD34, and PBX1 from human peripheral blood serve as potential biomarkers for the assessment and prediction of vascular aging

Abstract

Background Vascular aging is an important pathophysiological basis for the senescence of various organs and systems in the human body, and it is a common pathogenetic trigger for many chronic diseases in the elderly. Methods The extracellular vesicles (EVs) from young and aged umbilical vein endothelial cells were isolated and identified by qPCR the differential expression levels of 47 mRNAs of genes closely related to aging in the two groups. Results There were significant differences in the expression levels of 18 genes (we noted upregulation in PLA2G12A, TP53BP1, CD144, PDE11A, FPGT, SERPINB4, POLD1, and PPFIBP2 and downregulation in ATP2C2, ROBO2, RRM2, GUCY1B1, NAT1-14, VEGFR2, WTAPP1, CD146, DMC1, and GRIK2). Subsequent qPCR identification of the above-mentioned genes in PBMCs and plasma-EVs from the various age groups revealed that the trend in expression levels in peripheral blood plasma-EVs of the different age groups was approximately the same as that in PBMCs. Of these mRNAs, the expression of four genes–PLA2G12A, TP53BP1, OPRL1, and KIAA0895–was commensurate with increasing age. In contradistinction, the expression trend of four genes (CREG1, PBX1, CD34, and SLIT2) was inversely proportional to the increase in age. Finally, by taking their intersection, we determined that the expression of TP53BP1 was upregulated with increasing human age and that CD34 and PBX1 were downregulated with increasing age. Conclusion Our study indicates that human peripheral blood plasma-EV-derived TP53BP1, CD34, and PBX1 potentially comprise a noninvasive biomarker for assessing and predicting vascular aging.