Extracellular Vesicles as a Novel Liquid Biopsy-Based Diagnosis for the Central Nervous System, Head and Neck, Lung, and Gastrointestinal Cancers: Current and Future Perspectives

Testa, Anna; Venturelli, Emilio; Brizzi, Maria Felice

doi:10.3390/cancers13112792

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 180 publications

(195 reference statements)

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“…The cargo of extracellular vesicles reflecting the cell of origin has opened a new frontier for non-invasive biomarker discovery in oncology [ 79 ]. Specific tumor-derived extracellular vesicles are released into the extracellular space and can be found in the plasma, serum, and urine of patients presenting with tumors [ 80 ].…”

Section: Exosomes and Tumor Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Advances of Detection Strategies for Tumor-Derived Exosomes

Cheng

Yang

Wang

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Exosomes derived from tumor cells contain various molecular components, such as proteins, RNA, DNA, lipids, and carbohydrates. These components play a crucial role in all stages of tumorigenesis and development. Moreover, they reflect the physiological and pathological status of parental tumor cells. Recently, tumor-derived exosomes have become popular biomarkers for non-invasive liquid biopsy and the diagnosis of numerous cancers. The interdisciplinary significance of exosomes research has also attracted growing enthusiasm. However, the intrinsic nature of tumor-derived exosomes requires advanced methods to detect and evaluate the complex biofluid. This review analyzes the relationship between exosomes and tumors. It also summarizes the exosomal biological origin, composition, and application of molecular markers in clinical cancer diagnosis. Remarkably, this paper constitutes a comprehensive summary of the innovative research on numerous detection strategies for tumor-derived exosomes with the intent of providing a theoretical basis and reference for early diagnosis and clinical treatment of cancer.

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Section: Exosomes and Tumor Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Advances of Detection Strategies for Tumor-Derived Exosomes

Cheng

Yang

Wang

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…Saliva is a non-invasive bioliquid. EVs collected from saliva may be useful for the diagnosis of lung cancer [ 192 , 193 , 194 ]. It has been reported that the contents of EVs collected from serum, such as miR-200, lipocalin-2 [ 86 ], miR-505-5p [ 91 ], ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCHL1) [ 88 ], cell-free DNA [ 82 , 83 ], and proteins [ 195 , 196 , 197 , 198 , 199 ], are useful for the diagnosis of lung cancer.…”

Section: Potential Of Evs For Liquid Biopsymentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Cancer Role and Therapeutic Potential of Extracellular Vesicles

Tominaga

2021

Cancers

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Cell–cell communication is an important mechanism in biological processes. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), also referred to as exosomes, microvesicles, and prostasomes, are microvesicles secreted by a variety of cells. EVs are nanometer-scale vesicles composed of a lipid bilayer and contain biological functional molecules, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), mRNAs, and proteins. In this review, “EVs” is used as a comprehensive term for vesicles that are secreted from cells. EV research has been developing over the last four decades. Many studies have suggested that EVs play a crucial role in cell–cell communication. Importantly, EVs contribute to cancer malignancy mechanisms such as carcinogenesis, proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, and escape from the immune system. EVs derived from cancer cells and their microenvironments are diverse, change in nature depending on the condition. As EVs are thought to be secreted into body fluids, they have the potential to serve as diagnostic markers for liquid biopsy. In addition, cells can encapsulate functional molecules in EVs. Hence, the characteristics of EVs make them suitable for use in drug delivery systems and novel cancer treatments. In this review, the potential of EVs as anti-cancer therapeutics is discussed.

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“…The extracellular vesicle (EV) is a promising source of cancer liquid biopsy [ 15 , 16 ]. EVs are lipid bilayer-encapsulated nanoparticles released from all cells and present in all kinds of biofluids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular Vesicle-Based Method for Detecting MYCN Amplification Status of Pediatric Neuroblastoma

Panachan

Rojsirikulchai

Pongsakul

et al. 2022

Cancers

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MYCN amplification is the strongest predictor of high-risk neuroblastoma (NB). The standard procedure to detect MYCN status requires invasive procedures. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) contain molecular signatures of originated cells, present in biofluids, and serve as an invaluable source for cancer liquid biopsies. This study aimed to establish an EV-based method to detect the MYCN status of NB. Two EV subtypes, i.e., microvesicles (MVs) and exosomes, were sequentially isolated from the culture supernatant by step-wise centrifugation, ultrafiltration, and size-exclusion chromatography. Quantitative RT-PCR was performed to detect MYCN mRNA. As a result, MYCN mRNA was detectable in the MVs, but not exosomes, of MYCN-amplified NB cells. MYCN mRNA-containing MVs (MYCN-MV) were successfully detected in three distinct MYCN-amplified NB cell lines but absent in three MYCN non-amplification cells. The simulated samples were prepared by pulsing MVs into human serum. MYCN–MV detection in the simulated samples showed a less interfering effect from the human blood matrix. Validation using clinical specimens (2 mL bone marrow plasma) obtained from patients at various disease stages showed a promising result. Five out of six specimens of MYCN-amplified patients showed positive results, while there were no false positives in four plasma samples of the MYCN non-amplification group. This study communicated a novel EV-based method for detecting the MYCN status of pediatric NB based on MYCN mRNA contents in MVs. Future studies should be pursued in a prospective cohort to determine its true diagnostic performance.

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Extracellular Vesicles as a Novel Liquid Biopsy-Based Diagnosis for the Central Nervous System, Head and Neck, Lung, and Gastrointestinal Cancers: Current and Future Perspectives

Cited by 13 publications

References 180 publications

Emerging Advances of Detection Strategies for Tumor-Derived Exosomes

Emerging Advances of Detection Strategies for Tumor-Derived Exosomes

Anti-Cancer Role and Therapeutic Potential of Extracellular Vesicles

Extracellular Vesicle-Based Method for Detecting MYCN Amplification Status of Pediatric Neuroblastoma

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