Extracellular vesicles as delivery systems at nano-/micro-scale

Fu, Peiwen; Zhang, Jianguo; Li, Haitao; Mak, Michael; Xu, Wenrong; Tao, Zhimin

doi:10.1016/j.addr.2021.113910

Cited by 70 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 188 publications

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“…The research on EVs delivery of drugs is increasing gradually ( 69 , 70 ). Some small molecule chemical drugs and gene drugs have been successfully loaded into EVs, showing great potential in the treatment of tumors, cardiovascular diseases and neurological diseases.…”

Section: Engineering Strategies Of Evs In the Diagnosis And Treatment Of Cardiovascular Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Applications of Extracellular Vesicles for Myocardial Repair

Liu

Bayado

et al. 2021

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of human death worldwide. Drug thrombolysis, percutaneous coronary intervention, coronary artery bypass grafting and other methods are used to restore blood perfusion for coronary artery stenosis and blockage. The treatments listed prolong lifespan, however, rate of mortality ultimately remains the same. This is due to the irreversible damage sustained by myocardium, in which millions of heart cells are lost during myocardial infarction. The lack of pragmatic methods of myocardial restoration remains the greatest challenge for effective treatment. Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles (EVs) actively secreted by all cell types that act as effective transmitters of biological signals which contribute to both reparative and pathological processes within the heart. Exosomes have become the focus of many researchers as a novel drug delivery system due to the advantages of low toxicity, little immunogenicity and good permeability. In this review, we discuss the progress and challenges of EVs in myocardial repair, and review the recent development of extracellular vesicle-loading systems based on their unique nanostructures and physiological functions, as well as the application of engineering modifications in the diagnosis and treatment of myocardial repair.

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Section: Engineering Strategies Of Evs In the Diagnosis And Treatment Of Cardiovascular Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Applications of Extracellular Vesicles for Myocardial Repair

Liu

Bayado

et al. 2021

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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“…Emerging evidence suggests that EVs are useful delivery vehicles in tumor treatment due to their high stability, low immunogenicity, biocompatibility, and natural targeting ability [ 36 , 37 ]. EVs contain abundant contents, such as mRNAs, proteins, miRNAs, and lipids; EVs could protect these cargos from degradation [ 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MSC-Derived Extracellular Vesicle-Delivered L-PGDS Inhibit Gastric Cancer Progression by Suppressing Cancer Cell Stemness and STAT3 Phosphorylation

You

Jin

Zhang

et al. 2022

Stem Cells International

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Mesenchymal stem cell- (MSC-) derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) serving as delivery system have attracted extensive research interest, especially in cancer therapy. In our previous study, lipocalin-type prostaglandin D2 synthase (L-PGDS) showed inhibitory effects on gastric cancer growth. In this study, we aimed to explore whether MSC-EV-delivered L-PGDS (EVs-L-PGDS) could inhibit gastric cancer progression. EVs-L-PGDS were generated from MSCs transfected with adenovirus encoding L-PGDS. Cell colony-forming, migration, invasion, and flow cytometry assays were used to show the inhibitory effects of EVs on tumor cells in vitro, and the nude mouse subcutaneous tumor model was performed to show the inhibitory effect of EVs on tumor progression in vivo. In vitro, EVs-L-PGDS could be internalized and inhibit the colony-forming, migration, and invasion ability of gastric cancer cell SGC-7901 and promote cell apoptosis. In vivo, EVs-L-PGDS inhibited the tumor growth in nude mouse subcutaneous tumor-bearing model. Compared with the PBS and EVs containing empty vector (EVs-Vector) group, more apoptotic cells and higher L-PGDS expression were detected in tumor tissue of the EVs-L-PGDS treatment group. And these differences are significant. Mechanistically, EVs-L-PGDS reduced the expression of stem cell markers including Oct4, Nanog, and Sox2 and inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation in gastric cancer cell SGC-7901. In conclusion, our results imply that MSC-derived EVs could be utilized as an effective nanovehicle to deliver L-PGDS for gastric cancer treatment, which provides a novel idea for the EV-based cancer therapy.

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“…96 Moreover, exosomes play a crucial role in intercellular communication and material exchange via the cargo transport, which can have further influence on the target cells. 97 For these reasons, exosomes exhibit great potential as ideal bio-derived carriers in drug delivery.…”

Section: Organic Nanomaterials In Neutrophil-based Drug Delivery Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%