Extracellular Vesicles Loaded miRNAs as Potential Modulators Shared Between Glioblastoma, and Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s Diseases

Thomas, Laura E.; Florio, Tullio; Perez-Castro, Carolina

doi:10.3389/fncel.2020.590034

Cited by 18 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 197 publications

(302 reference statements)

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“…Downregulation of miRNA-21-5p, miRNA-451a (Gámez-Valero et al, 2019 ), and miRNA-132 and miRNA-212 (Cha et al, 2019 ) was found in exosomes of patients with AD compared with that in patients with DLB and healthy donors. Other works reported the presence of specific miRNAs in EVs from periphery of AD (Cheng et al, 2020 ; Thomas et al, 2020 ). We previously demonstrated a moderate presence of deregulated miRNAs in EVs from patients with PD and AD (Sproviero et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Plasma of Patients With Neurodegenerative Disease Have Common Transcriptomic Profiling

Sproviero

Gagliardi

Zucca

et al. 2022

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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ObjectivesThere is a lack of effective biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and frontotemporal dementia. Extracellular vesicle (EV) RNA cargo can have an interesting potential as a non-invasive biomarker for NDs. However, the knowledge about the abundance of EV-mRNAs and their contribution to neurodegeneration is not clear.MethodsLarge and small EVs (LEVs and SEVs) were isolated from plasma of patients and healthy volunteers (control, CTR) by differential centrifugation and filtration, and RNA was extracted. Whole transcriptome was carried out using next generation sequencing (NGS).ResultsCoding RNA (i.e., mRNA) but not long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in SEVs and LEVs of patients with ALS could be distinguished from healthy CTRs and from other NDs using the principal component analysis (PCA). Some mRNAs were found in commonly deregulated between SEVs of patients with ALS and frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and they were classified in mRNA processing and splicing pathways. In LEVs, instead, one mRNA and one antisense RNA (i.e., MAP3K7CL and AP003068.3) were found to be in common among ALS, FTD, and PD. No deregulated mRNAs were found in EVs of patients with AD.ConclusionDifferent RNA regulation occurs in LEVs and SEVs of NDs. mRNAs and lncRNAs are present in plasma-derived EVs of NDs, and there are common and specific transcripts that characterize LEVs and SEVs from the NDs considered in this study.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Plasma of Patients With Neurodegenerative Disease Have Common Transcriptomic Profiling

Sproviero

Gagliardi

Zucca

et al. 2022

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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“…Based on these data, it seems unlikely that the reduction in proliferation induced by C20 SEVs ( Figure 3 B) is related to the increased miR-155-5p therein, given its recognized onco-miRNA properties in the context of glioblastoma. 58 Indeed such properties may be obscured by the simultaneous variation of the other miRNA levels in the same EVs. Noteworthily, oncogenic and onco-suppressive properties have often been reported for miR-146a-5p, 59 so that the actual outcome is difficult to predict.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Microglia Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Different Microglia Cell Lines: Similarities and Differences

et al. 2022

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Microglial cells are a component of the innate immune system in the brain that support cell-to-cell communication via secreted molecules and extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs can be divided into two major populations: large (LEVs) and small (SEVs) EVs, carrying different mediators, such as proteins, lipids, and miRNAs. The microglia EVs cargo crucially reflects the status of parental cells and can lead to both beneficial and detrimental effects in many physiopathological states. Herein, a workflow for the extraction and characterization of SEVs and LEVs from human C20 and HMC3 microglia cell lines derived, respectively, from adult and embryonic microglia is reported. EVs were gathered from the culture media of the two cell lines by sequential ultracentrifugation steps and their biochemical and biophysical properties were analyzed by Western blot, transmission electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering. Although the C20- and HMC3-derived EVs shared several common features, C20-derived EVs were slightly lower in number and more polydispersed. Interestingly, C20- but not HMC3-SEVs were able to interfere with the proliferation of U87 glioblastoma cells. This correlated with the different relative levels of eight miRNAs involved in neuroinflammation and tumor progression in the C20- and HMC3-derived EVs, which in turn reflected a different basal activation state of the two cell types. Our data fill a gap in the community of microglia EVs, in which the preparations from human cells have been poorly characterized so far. Furthermore, these results shed light on both the differences and similarities of EVs extracted from different human microglia cell models, underlining the need to better characterize the features and biological effects of EVs for therein useful and correct application.

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“…Another hot topic in AD dilemma is the promising role of lactate level in astrocytes and its possible effect on reinstating cognitive decline of AD. Updated studies spot the role of miRNAs; miR-34a (Sarkar et al, 2016 ), exosomal miR-137 (Thomas et al, 2020 ) and miR-124-3p (Xu S.-Y. et al, 2019 ) in controlling astrocytes lactate shuttle in different brain disorders and the consequent impact of adjusting their levels on cognitive improvement.…”

Section: Discussion and Outlinementioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNAs as Potential Orchestrators of Alzheimer's Disease-Related Pathologies: Insights on Current Status and Future Possibilities

Abuelezz

Nasr

Abdulkader

et al. 2021

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive and deleterious neurodegenerative disease, strongly affecting the cognitive functions and memory of seniors worldwide. Around 58% of the affected patients live in low and middle-income countries, with estimates of increasing deaths caused by AD in the coming decade. AD is a multifactor pathology. Mitochondrial function declines in AD brain and is currently emerging as a hallmark of this disease. It has been considered as one of the intracellular processes severely compromised in AD. Many mitochondrial parameters decline already during aging; mitochondrial efficiency for energy production, reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism and the de novo synthesis of pyrimidines, to reach an extensive functional failure, concomitant with the onset of neurodegenerative conditions. Besides its impact on cognitive functions, AD is characterized by loss of synapses, extracellular amyloid plaques composed of the amyloid-β peptide (Aβ), and intracellular aggregates of hyperphosphorylated Tau protein, accompanied by drastic sleep disorders, sensory function alterations and pain sensitization. Unfortunately, till date, effective management of AD-related disorders and early, non-invasive AD diagnostic markers are yet to be found. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding nucleic acids that regulate key signaling pathway(s) in various disease conditions. About 70% of experimentally detectable miRNAs are expressed in the brain where they regulate neurite outgrowth, dendritic spine morphology, and synaptic plasticity. Increasing studies suggest that miRNAs are intimately involved in synaptic function and specific signals during memory formation. This has been the pivotal key for considering miRNAs crucial molecules to be studied in AD. MicroRNAs dysfunctions are increasingly acknowledged as a pivotal contributor in AD via deregulating genes involved in AD pathogenesis. Moreover, miRNAs have been proved to control pain sensitization processes and regulate circadian clock system that affects the sleep process. Interestingly, the differential expression of miRNA panels implies their emerging potential as diagnostic AD biomarkers. In this review, we will present an updated analysis of miRNAs role in regulating signaling processes that are involved in AD-related pathologies. We will discuss the current challenges against wider use of miRNAs and the future promising capabilities of miRNAs as diagnostic and therapeutic means for better management of AD.

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Extracellular Vesicles Loaded miRNAs as Potential Modulators Shared Between Glioblastoma, and Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s Diseases

Cited by 18 publications

References 197 publications

Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Plasma of Patients With Neurodegenerative Disease Have Common Transcriptomic Profiling

Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Plasma of Patients With Neurodegenerative Disease Have Common Transcriptomic Profiling

Human Microglia Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Different Microglia Cell Lines: Similarities and Differences

MicroRNAs as Potential Orchestrators of Alzheimer's Disease-Related Pathologies: Insights on Current Status and Future Possibilities

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