Extraction method of extreme rainfall data

Zakaria, Rosnah; Radi, Noor Fadhilah Ahmad; Satari, Siti Zanariah

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/890/1/012154

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…While interpretation of the plots is not always easy, we selected the appropriate thresholds (Figs. A1 and A2) based on their convergence to the optimal values of the four graphical representations, as done in similar situations in previous works (Anagnostopoulou and Tolika, 2012;Zakaria et al, 2017).…”

Section: Return Periods Of Highest Probabilities Of Flow Generationmentioning

confidence: 88%

Rainfall–runoff relationships at event scale in western Mediterranean ephemeral streams

Serrano‐Notivoli

Martínez-Salvador

García-Lorenzo

et al. 2022

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Ephemeral streams are highly dependent on rainfall and terrain characteristics and, therefore, very sensitive to minor changes in these environments. The western Mediterranean area exhibits a highly irregular precipitation regime with a great variety of rainfall events driving the flow generation on intermittent watercourses, and future climate change scenarios depict a lower magnitude and higher intensity of precipitation in this area, potentially leading to severe changes in flows. We explored the rainfall–runoff relationships in two semi-arid watersheds in southern Spain (Algeciras and Upper Mula) to model the different types of rainfall events required to generate new flow in both intermittent streams. We used a non-linear approach through generalized additive models at event scale in terms of magnitude, duration, and intensity, contextualizing resulting thresholds in a long-term perspective through the calculation of return periods. Results showed that the average ∼ 1.2 d and < 1.5 mm event was not enough to create new flows. At least a 4 d event ranging from 4 to 20 mm, depending on the watershed, was needed to ensure new flow at a high probability (95 %). While these thresholds represented low return periods, the great irregularity of annual precipitation and rainfall characteristics makes prediction highly uncertain. Almost a third of the rainfall events resulted in similar flow to or lower flow than the previous day, emphasizing the importance of lithological and terrain characteristics that lead to differences in flow generation between the watersheds.

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Section: Return Periods Of Highest Probabilities Of Flow Generationmentioning

confidence: 88%

Rainfall–runoff relationships at event scale in western Mediterranean ephemeral streams

Serrano‐Notivoli

Martínez-Salvador

García-Lorenzo

et al. 2022

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…The target temperatures for T3 and T6 were manipulated based on the 90th and 99th percentiles of the daily maximum temperature at the study site during the reference period (1961-2019) [38]. For the DR treatment, we considered the longest consecutive days with rainfall <1 mm during the reference period [39], and the HR treatment was produced using the 95th percentile of daily precipitation [40,41]. Consequently, the DR treatment lasted for nine days during the reference period, and the threshold of HR treatment was 113 mm per day [42].…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Growth Responses of Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carr. Seedling to Short-Term Extreme Climate Events in Summer

Noh

Kim

Son

et al. 2021

Forests

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Extreme climate events such as heat waves, drought, and heavy rainfall are occurring more frequently and are more intense due to ongoing climate change. This study evaluated the early growth performance of one-year-old Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carr. seedlings under open-field extreme climate conditions including experimental warming and different precipitation regimes. We recorded the survival rate, root collar diameter, height, biomass, shoot-to-root ratio, and seedling quality index using nine treatments (three temperature levels, i.e., control, warming by 3 °C and by 6 °C, × three precipitation levels, i.e., control, drought, and heavy rainfall) in July and August 2020. The survival rate of seedlings did not differ between treatments, showing high values exceeding 94% across treatments. The measured shoot height was largest under warming by 3 °C and high rainfall, indicating that moderate warming increased seedling height growth in a moist environment. Heavy rainfall decreased stem volume by 21% and 25% under control and warming by 6 °C treatments, respectively. However, drought manipulation using rain-out shelters did not decrease the growth performance. Overall, extreme climate events did not affect the survival rate, biomass, shoot-to-root ratio, and seedling quality index of L. kaempferi. We thus conclude that, regarding growth responses, L. kaempferi seedlings may be resistant to short-term extreme warming and drought events during summer.

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“…An intense precipitation event is defined as the exceedance of a threshold that corresponds to the daily rainfall amount exceeding a given value during the study period [31]. Here, the extreme value was defined by using percentiles that are statistical quantities [3,11,[32][33][34][35]. However, there is no fixed value chosen for all months.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesoscale Convective Systems and Extreme Precipitation on the West African Coast Linked to Ocean–Atmosphere Conditions during the Monsoon Period in the Gulf of Guinea

Djakouré,

Amouin,

Kouadio

et al. 2024

Atmosphere

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This study investigates the importance of convective systems for extreme rainfall along the northern coast of the Gulf of Guinea (GG) and their relationship with atmospheric and oceanic conditions. Convective system data (MCSs), daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and moisture flux anomalies from June to September 2007–2016 are used. The results show that 2/3 of MCSs crossing Abidjan are produced in June, which is the core of the major rainy season. Likewise, 2/3 of MCSs originate from continental areas, while 1/3 come from the ocean. Oceanic MCSs are mostly initiated close to the coast, which also corresponds to the Marine Heat Waves region. Continental MCSs are mostly initiated inland. The results also highlight the moisture flux contribution of three zones which have an impact on the onset and the sustaining of MCSs: (i) the seasonal migration of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), (ii) the GG across the northern coastline, and finally (iii) the continent. These contributions of moisture fluxes coincide with oceanic warming off Northeast Brazil and the northern coast of the GG both two days before and the day of extreme rainfall events. The ocean contributes to moisten the atmosphere, and therefore to supply and sustain the MCSs during their lifecycle.

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Extraction method of extreme rainfall data

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Rainfall–runoff relationships at event scale in western Mediterranean ephemeral streams

Rainfall–runoff relationships at event scale in western Mediterranean ephemeral streams

Early Growth Responses of Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carr. Seedling to Short-Term Extreme Climate Events in Summer

Mesoscale Convective Systems and Extreme Precipitation on the West African Coast Linked to Ocean–Atmosphere Conditions during the Monsoon Period in the Gulf of Guinea

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