Extractive spectrophotometric method for the determination of carbaryl in environmental samples

Abstract

ABSTRACT. In the view of the potential hazards associated with the widespread use of carbaryl insecticide, a new simple extractive spectrophotometric method has been developed for its determination in environmental samples viz. soil, water and foodstuffs for its safer and more effective use. The proposed method is based on the microwave assisted alkaline hydrolysis of the insecticide to methylamine. The later is measured as methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) extractable yellow nickel(II)-methyldithiocarbamate complex at 380 nm through the reaction with carbon disulfide and nickel(II) acetate. The insecticide can be determined in the linearity range from 2.01 to 60.3 µg mL -1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.996. The method has been applied to the analysis of carbaryl in its commercial formulation and its recovery from vegetable and water samples for monitoring health hazards. Recoveries of the insecticide from vegetables and spiked water samples were good, ranging from 87.6-92.8%, with RSDs ranging from 0.54-1.02%. The method has also been validated for investigating the sorption of carbaryl on five soils with different characteristics to evaluate its leaching behaviour which is a measure of ground and surface water contamination. The leaching potential of the insecticide in terms of groundwater ubiquity score (GUS) has values in the range 1.8-2.2 classifying it as transition leacher hence it has potential to contaminate groundwater.

Assessment of Fenobucarb and Propoxur insecticides in environmental samples by spectrophotometric and spectrofluorimetric methods

“…1). The methyl amine formed from the alkaline hydrolysis of fenobucarb and propoxur, reacts smoothly and quantitatively with carbon disul de (Verma et al 1986;Sharma et al 2015) and nickel(II) acetate (in 2:1 molar ratio) forming metallic complex nickel(II) methyl dithiocarbamate, [Ni(DTC) 2 ] (Fig. 5) is quite well known and thoroughly established in our laboratory (Sharma et al 2015).…”

Metal Organic Framework-Based Dispersive Solid-Phase Microextraction of Carbaryl from Food and Water Prior to Detection by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

“…The diversity of environmental samples leads to the limitation of the possibility of determining more than one analyte in some cases [20,21]. Many factors control component analyses, including the nature of samples and their matrix, sample preparation procedures and instrumental detection process [22][23][24][25]. Sensitive and selective analytical methods, based on mass spectrometry, were recently applied for the analysis of environmental pollutants [26][27][28].…”

“…Goulart et al [42] optimized and validated a liquid-liquid extraction method with low temperature partitioning for the extraction of carbaryl from chocolate milk and a grape juice sample, and used HPLC to determine the concentration of the extracted carbaryl and reported a recovery% exceeding 90%. Sharma et al [24] validated a new spectrophotometric method to determine carbaryl in the different types of environmental samples (water, soil and foodstuffs). The method was based on methylamine coupling resulting from the microwave-assisted alkaline hydrolysis of the insecticide with CS 2 and (CH 3 COO) 2 Ni to form a complex (nickel(II) methyl-dithiocarbamate) that was measured at 380 nm.…”

Activated porous carbon supported Pd and ZnO nanocatalysts for trace sensing of carbaryl pesticide in water and food products

“…Existing methods available for the determination of trace levels of carbaryl include chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques, such as gas chromatography (GC), 11,12 high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), 11 mass spectrometry (MS), 12 surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), 13,14 UVvisible spectroscopy, 15 fluorescence, 16 and chemiluminescence, 17 etc. Despite the high sensitivity of these tools, they are not readily adapted for on-site monitoring due to their complexity, costs, and the requirement for highly-qualified operators.…”