Extraintestinal salmonellosis

Wilkins, E.G.L.; Roberts, C.

doi:10.1017/s095026880006711x

Cited by 63 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Typhi was the predominant serotype, isolated from 27 (75%) cases in our study. This is in contrast to studies from other countries where NTS was more frequent [4][5][6][7][8]. In recent years, S. Enteritidis has replaced S. Typhimurium as the most frequent NTS species producing extra-intestinal infections [6].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

“…However, the inherent virulence of each serotype and host resistance are the deciding factors for the different types of manifestations. An increased susceptibility to invasive disease may result from an alteration of locally protective mechanisms (e.g., gastric acid), presence of diseased tissue (e.g., bone infarcts), or impairment of the immune system (e.g., human immunodeficiency virus infection) [4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They survive within the macrophages of the reticuloendothelial system and disseminate via systemic circulation, causing infection [1]. Salmonella infection of humans can be broadly divided into five clinical groups: enteric fever, septicemia without localization, focal disease (with or without associated bacteremia), gastroenteritis, and the carrier state [2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extra-intestinal salmonellosis in a tertiary care center in South India

Sudhaharan

Padmaja

Solanki

et al. 2014

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: The present study is a retrospective analysis of a total of 36 cases of bacteriologically proven extra-intestinal salmonellosis, managed at Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, between 1987 and 2012 (25 years). The extra-intestinal sites involved were the skin, cerebrum, spleen, ovary, synovium, and the skeletal muscle. Methodology: The extra-intestinal specimens were first processed using standard methods. Colonies suspected as Salmonella were identified by standard laboratory methods, initially by manual biochemical reactions and later by the API system (bioMerieux, Marcy l'Etoile-France) and the Vitek-2 system (bioMerieux). All the Salmonella isolates were sent to Central Research Institute, Kasauli, for serotyping. Results: The predominant serotype isolated was Salmonella Typhi (S. Typhi) in 27 (75%) patients, followed by Salmonella Senftenberg (S. Senftenberg) in 5 (14%), Salmonella Paratyphi A (S. Paratyphi A) in 3 (8%), and Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) in 1 (3%). There was an increasing resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, cephalosporins (third generation), and quinolones over the 25 years.Conclusions: The diagnosis of extra-intestinal salmonellosis requires a high degree of clinical suspicion and should be included in the differential diagnosis in patients with deep-seated abscesses.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extra-intestinal salmonellosis in a tertiary care center in South India

Sudhaharan

Padmaja

Solanki

et al. 2014

J Infect Dev Ctries

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“…This hospitalization rate was 15 % which is low compared with rates of about 20 % usually reported for salmonellosis [1,[7][8][9]. This low rate is particularly surprising since S. virchow has been described in the literature as one of the more pathogenic invasive salmonellae with a high incidence of bacteraemia [10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. The low morbidity associated with S. virchow PT 26 in this study may also be related to the age range of the cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Salmonella virchowPT 26 infection in England and Wales: a case control study investigating an increase in cases during 1994

Willocks¹,

Morgan²,

Sufi³

et al. 1996

Epidemiol. Infect.

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SUMMARYAn increase in the number of human isolates of Salmonella virchow phage type (PT) 26 in England and Wales during 1994 was investigated. A national case control study was conducted which included 88 cases and 182 controls. The cases were mostly young adults (median age 26) and 13 (15 %) were admitted to hospital. Acquisition of S. virchow PT 26 was associated with the consumption of any chicken (OR 2-5, CI 1 1-5'8), of chicken curry from restaurants and take aways (OR 2-9, CI 1-4-6 1), and of some other diverse types of pre-prepared chicken (OR 3 8, CI 19-7 6). Halal chicken was associated (P = 0 006) with illness in a subset. There were negative associations with contact with animals (OR 0 47, CI 0-23-0 95) and with the consumption of chicken cooked whole (OR 0 37, CI 0-21-0-66). The increase in S. virchow PT 26 may be due to changing epizoology and may be an indicator of what will become the dominant salmonella strain in poultry in future years. The increasing incidence of S. virchow PT 26 is of particular concern because of its association with more invasive disease in humans.

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“…Salmonella enterica serovar Virchow (S. Virchow) is recognized as one of the more common, invasive Salmonella serotypes [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] and accounted for 46 % of septicaemia cases caused by Salmonella species in a study of hospital laboratory records in Queensland [4]. Any increase in notification of this serotype in Australia is reason for concern.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fresh garlic: a possible vehicle for Salmonella Virchow

Bennett¹,

Dalton

Beers-Deeble³

et al. 2003

Epidemiol. Infect.

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The right to post the definitive version of the contribution as published at Cambridge Journals Online (in PDF or HTML form) in the Institutional Repository of the institution in which they worked at the time the paper was first submitted, or (for appropriate journals) in PubMed Central or UK PubMed Central, no sooner than one year after first publication of the paper in the journal, subject to file availability and provided the posting includes a prominent statement of the full bibliographical details, a copyright notice in the name of the copyright holder (Cambridge University Press or the sponsoring Society, as appropriate), and a link to the online edition of the journal at Cambridge Journals Online. Inclusion of this definitive version after one year in Institutional Repositories outside of the institution in which the contributor worked at the time the paper was first submitted will be subject to the additional permission of Cambridge University Press (not to be unreasonably withheld). th December 2010Fresh garlic: a possible vehicle for Salmonella Virchow SUMMARYA sustained increase in Salmonella enterica serovar Virchow notifications in South Eastern Australia between September 1997 and May 1998 instigated a case-control study and environmental investigations. Cases were defined as having locally acquired culture-confirmed S. Virchow phage-type 8 infection and diarrhoeal disease. Matched controls were selected by progressive digit dialling based on cases' telephone numbers. An exposure and food history questionnaire was administered by telephone. Phage typing and pulse field gel electrophoresis were performed on case and environmental isolates. Thirty-two notifications of S. Virchow infection met the case definition, 37% reported bloody diarrhoea and S. Virchow was isolated from blood in 13% of cases. Twelve patients were admitted to hospital and one died. Fresh garlic (OR 4 . 1, 95% CI 1 . 3-12 . 8) and semi-dried tomatoes (OR 12 . 6, 95 % CI 1 . 5-103 . 1) were associated with these cases. The associations remained significant after adjusting for sex and age. S. Virchow (PT 8) was cultured from two brands of semi-dried tomatoes associated with cases in two different states. We provide sufficient evidence for semi-dried tomatoes and fresh garlic to be considered as potential risk foods in future Salmonella outbreak investigations.

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Extraintestinal salmonellosis

Cited by 63 publications

References 15 publications

Extra-intestinal salmonellosis in a tertiary care center in South India

Extra-intestinal salmonellosis in a tertiary care center in South India

Salmonella virchowPT 26 infection in England and Wales: a case control study investigating an increase in cases during 1994

Fresh garlic: a possible vehicle for Salmonella Virchow

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