Extrapulmonary mycobacterial infections in a cohort of HIV-positive patients: ultrasound experience from Vicenza, Italy

Abstract

As disseminated mycobacterial infections in HIV-positive patients can be treated effectively if diagnosed early, and typical sonographic findings are seen in the majority of these patients, we suggest that POC ultrasound should be integrated in diagnostic and screening algorithms for EPTB in developed countries.

Patterns of Hepatosplenic Brucella Abscesses on Cross-Sectional Imaging: A Review of Clinical and Imaging Features

“…The pattern of multiple hypo-echoic lesions in the spleen, and less frequently, in the liver, has been described as highly suggestive for disseminated TB and has been included into point-of-care US protocols for extra-pulmonary TB. 26 Miliary TB lesions are most frequently seen in immune-compromised HIV patients 27 but have also been reported in children without HIV coinfection. 28 Infection with Bartonella, for example, HIV-associated bacillary angiomatosis or cat-scratch-disease may cause peliosis 29 which is another differential diagnosis of hypo-echoic focal lesions, but peliosis is rare and associated with a positive serology for Bartonella.…”

Detection of splenic microabscesses with ultrasound as a marker for extrapulmonary tuberculosis in patients with HIV: A systematic review

“…During the screening process, we found 22 articles that discussed the presence of splenic microabscesses in patients with HIV and TB co-infection. [12,21,24,27,28,30,[48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63] These articles were excluded because Murray et al [39] (1995) n=7 (100%), 95% CI 59.0 -100…”

Ultrasound findings in cases of extrapulmonary TB in patients with HIV infection in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

“…It has been shown that in individuals with a clinically high risk of tuberculosis, these findings are sufficiently specific to initiate anti-TB treatment [3] . Nevertheless, in settings outside Sub-Saharan Africa and other settings with limited resources, it seems prudent to perform US-guided biopsy and aspiration of the lesions for bacteriological confirmation of the diagnosis [12] . In our series, biopsy/aspiration was the diagnostic procedure in 14 patients (38%).…”