Extremely Sensitive Photonic Crystal Fiber–Based Cancer Cell Detector in the Terahertz Regime

Habib, Ahasan; Rashed, Ahmed Nabih Zaki; El-Hageen, Hazem M.; Alatwi, Aadel M.

doi:10.1007/s11468-021-01409-6

Cited by 102 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The refractive indices of normal and malignant cells differ, and these differences are used to evaluate the other significant optical properties. The physical construction of the sensor is exceptionally uncomplicated, letting it be easily manufactured using present manufacturing methods [79]. A two-dimensional representation of the proposed cancer cell sensor, complete with all structural characteristics, is shown in Figure 13.…”

Section: Photonic Crystal Fiber Biomedical Sensors a Hollow-core Pcfmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to operating frequency, all the PCF-based biosensors have acceptable speed with the THz range. Ref [79] provides the optimum operating frequency for cancer sensing. Regarding the design effective area, all literatures that are summarized have an effective design area in the range of 10 −7 to 10 −8 m 2 .…”

Section: G Rectangle Porous Core Pcf Biosensormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding the design effective area, all literatures that are summarized have an effective design area in the range of 10 −7 to 10 −8 m 2 . Again, cancer based PCF biosensor [79] provides the optimum effective area of 2.1 × 10 −8 m 2 . In this point, one can highlight the superiority of on-chip based PhC biosensors compared to PCF based ones regarding compactness.…”

Section: G Rectangle Porous Core Pcf Biosensormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The higher the relative sensitivity, the better the PCF-based sensor. Ref [79], for the 3 rd evaluation metric (i.e., relative sensitivity), provide the optimum possible performance with a 98%. To this point, one should indicate that the performance in relative sensitivity shows a slightly larger deviation than that in operating frequency and effective area (i.e., performance not close to each other).…”

Section: G Rectangle Porous Core Pcf Biosensormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Literature Review: On-Chip Photonic Crystals and Photonic Crystal Fiber for Biosensing and Some Novel Trends

et al. 2022

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This review summarizes recent advances in sensors based on photonic crystal technologies for biomedical sensing applications. Photonic crystal sensing offers enormous promise due to their clear benefits in sensitivity, stability, compactness, portability. This work discusses several photonic crystal structures, such as photonic crystal waveguides, cavities, and photonic crystal fiber for biomedical sensing applications. The uniqueness, measurement technique, and biosensing properties of each type of these structures are discussed. Furthermore, manufacturing and functionally relevant properties that include design simplicity, compactness, and multi-wavelength operation are also reviewed. They are explored, organized, and compared using the most recent related literature in this field. Finally, a brief of novel trends has been introduced.INDEX TERMS Biomedical sensors, photonic crystals, photonic crystal fiber.

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Section: Photonic Crystal Fiber Biomedical Sensors a Hollow-core Pcfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: G Rectangle Porous Core Pcf Biosensormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: G Rectangle Porous Core Pcf Biosensormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: G Rectangle Porous Core Pcf Biosensormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Literature Review: On-Chip Photonic Crystals and Photonic Crystal Fiber for Biosensing and Some Novel Trends

et al. 2022

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“…The THz based scanning’s ability to differentiate between different molecules based on their water content renders it of great potential for early tumor detection, repeated assessments, for monitoring patients and patient follow up (Danciu et al 2019 ). Much focus in the THz imaging and sensing studies has been on the improvement of the instrumentation for example antenna (Poorgholam-Khanjari and Zarrabi 2021 ; Apriono 2021 ; Kazemi 2021 ; Yadav et al 2021 ), biosensors (Yang et al 2021a ; Azab 2021 ; Liu 2021 ; Zhan 2021 ; Li 2021 ; Lin et al 2021 ) detectors (Habib et al 2021 ) and probes (Chan and Ramer 2018 ). However, significantly less work has been done for acquired images quality improvement and clinical decision support improvement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in terahertz technology for cancer detection applications

Gezimati

Singh

2022

Opt Quant Electron

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Currently, there is an increasing demand for the diagnostic techniques that provide functional and morphological information with early cancer detection capability. Novel modern medical imaging systems driven by the recent advancements in technology such as terahertz (THz) and infrared radiation-based imaging technologies which are complementary to conventional modalities are being developed, investigated, and validated. The THz cancer imaging techniques offer novel opportunities for label free, non-ionizing, non-invasive and early cancer detection. The observed image contrast in THz cancer imaging studies has been mostly attributed to higher refractive index, absorption coefficient and dielectric properties in cancer tissue than that in the normal tissue due the local increase of the water molecule content in tissue and increased blood supply to the cancer affected tissue. Additional image contrast parameters and cancer biomarkers that have been reported to contribute to THz image contrast include cell structural changes, molecular density, interactions between agents (e.g., contrast agents and embedding agents) and biological tissue as well as tissue substances like proteins, fiber and fat etc. In this paper, we have presented a systematic and comprehensive review of the advancements in the technological development of THz technology for cancer imaging applications. Initially, the fundamentals principles and techniques for THz radiation generation and detection, imaging and spectroscopy are introduced. Further, the application of THz imaging for detection of various cancers tissues are presented, with more focus on the in vivo imaging of skin cancer. The data processing techniques for THz data are briefly discussed. Also, we identify the advantages and existing challenges in THz based cancer detection and report the performance improvement techniques. The recent advancements towards THz systems which are optimized and miniaturized are also reported. Finally, the integration of THz systems with artificial intelligent (AI), internet of things (IoT), cloud computing, big data analytics, robotics etc. for more sophisticated systems is proposed. This will facilitate the large-scale clinical applications of THz for smart and connected next generation healthcare systems and provide a roadmap for future research.

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