Eye Blinks Describing the State of the Learner Under Uncertainty

Renker, Johanna; Kreutzfeldt, Magali; Rinkenauer, Gerhard

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-22341-0_35

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This instruction might have decreased acuity as a consequence of inhibited blinking (Mitsukura et al, 2020). In future work, it will be interesting to remove this instruction and to investigate blinking as an alternative measure of surprise, complementing pupillary effects (Bonneh et al, 2015; Hoppe et al, 2018; Renker et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The pupil dilation response as an indicator of visual cue uncertainty and auditory outcome surprise

Becker,

Viertler,

Korn

et al. 2024

Eur J of Neuroscience

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In everyday perception, we combine incoming sensory information with prior expectations. Expectations can be induced by cues that indicate the probability of following sensory events. The information provided by cues may differ and hence lead to different levels of uncertainty about which event will follow. In this experiment, we employed pupillometry to investigate whether the pupil dilation response to visual cues varies depending on the level of cue‐associated uncertainty about a following auditory outcome. Also, we tested whether the pupil dilation response reflects the amount of surprise about the subsequently presented auditory stimulus. In each trial, participants were presented with a visual cue (face image) which was followed by an auditory outcome (spoken vowel). After the face cue, participants had to indicate by keypress which of three auditory vowels they expected to hear next. We manipulated the cue‐associated uncertainty by varying the probabilistic cue‐outcome contingencies: One face was most likely followed by one specific vowel (low cue uncertainty), another face was equally likely followed by either of two vowels (intermediate cue uncertainty) and the third face was followed by all three vowels (high cue uncertainty). Our results suggest that pupil dilation in response to task‐relevant cues depends on the associated uncertainty, but only for large differences in the cue‐associated uncertainty. Additionally, in response to the auditory outcomes, the pupil dilation scaled negatively with the cue‐dependent probabilities, likely signalling the amount of surprise.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The pupil dilation response as an indicator of visual cue uncertainty and auditory outcome surprise

Becker,

Viertler,

Korn

et al. 2024

Eur J of Neuroscience

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“…Eye blinking is a proven indicator of learning attention in information processing [57]. Specifically, a high frequency of eye blinking implies a low cognitive load, and vice versa.…”

Section: ) Learning Attentionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Evaluation of a Distance-Driven User Interface for Asynchronous Collaborative Exhibit Browsing in an Augmented Reality Museum

Chen

Shan

et al. 2021

IEEE Access

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Augmented reality museums allow visitors to jointly view and interact with exhibits. However, real-time exhibit browsing does not accommodate latecomers to museums and offers limited support to temporally separated visitors. To stimulate asynchronous exhibit browsing, we developed a distance-driven user interface that divided the augmented reality exhibit-egocentric space into four distance ranges, each having a set of social networking features and different privileges for exhibit viewing and interaction. The user interface enables asynchronous exhibit browsing for visitors participating at different times. We conducted empirical studies to evaluate how the user interface affected visitors' collaborative exhibit browsing in terms of perceived usability and learning gains. The results show that the perceived usability of the user interface is consistently high across all distance ranges. The user interface stimulates collaborative exhibit browsing with significant improvements in learning efficiency and learning attention durations, although learning satisfaction showed no difference across the participants. Implications for how the distancedriven user interface can be generalised for other interactive applications are discussed.

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Eye Blinks Describing the State of the Learner Under Uncertainty

Cited by 2 publications

References 14 publications

The pupil dilation response as an indicator of visual cue uncertainty and auditory outcome surprise

The pupil dilation response as an indicator of visual cue uncertainty and auditory outcome surprise

Design and Evaluation of a Distance-Driven User Interface for Asynchronous Collaborative Exhibit Browsing in an Augmented Reality Museum

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