Fabrication and characterization of chlorhexidine gluconate loaded poly(vinyl alcohol)/45S5 nano‐bioactive glass nanofibrous membrane for guided tissue regeneration applications

Abstract

Polymeric barrier membranes are used in periodontal applications to prevent fibroblastic cell migration into the cavities of bone tissue and to properly guide the proliferation of tissues. In this study, the fabrication, characterization, bioactivity, and in vitro biological properties of polyvinyl alcohol‐based nanofibrous membranes containing nano‐sized 45S5 bioactive glass (BG) loaded with chlorhexidine (CH) gluconate with biocompatible, bioactive, and antibacterial properties for using as dental barrier membranes were investigated. Nanofibrous membranes with an average fiber diameter, pore size, and porosity of 210 nm, 24.73 μm, and 12.42%, respectively, were loaded with 1% and 2% CH, and the release profile was investigated. The presence of BG in the membranes promoted fibroblastic proliferation and the presence of CH provided antibacterial properties. Nanofibrous membranes exhibit a high ability to restrict bacterial growth while fulfilling the necessary conditions for use as a dental barrier thanks to their low swelling rates, significant surface bioactivities, and appropriate degradation levels.

Green Electrospun Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Gelatin-Based Nanofibrous Membrane by Incorporating 45S5 Bioglass Nanoparticles and Urea for Wound Dressing Applications: Characterization and In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluations

“…In the SiO 4 tetrahedron structure, the peak observed at 850 cm –1 wavelength displays two unbridged oxygen-containing Si–OH groups, while the peak at 1020 cm –1 wavelength displays Si–O–Si groups. The peaks at 935 cm –1 that show the presence of crystallization in the sol–gel BGs is caused by the stretch bond between Si and the nonbridging oxygen spectrum. , Since the characteristic bands of the bioglass overlap with the bands of the polymers and the amount of bioglass is much less than the polymer, it cannot be detected in the spectra . The stretching frequency of CO, C–N, and C–O appeared at 1678, 1459, 1156 cm –1 , respectively, according to the urea analysis (Figure B). , The stretching and deformation of the N–H bond was observed at 3427 and 1589 cm –1 , respectively .…”

“…The peaks at 935 cm –1 that show the presence of crystallization in the sol–gel BGs is caused by the stretch bond between Si and the nonbridging oxygen spectrum. 34 , 51 Since the characteristic bands of the bioglass overlap with the bands of the polymers and the amount of bioglass is much less than the polymer, it cannot be detected in the spectra. 52 The stretching frequency of C=O, C–N, and C–O appeared at 1678, 1459, 1156 cm –1 , respectively, according to the urea analysis ( Figure 2 B).…”

“…Citric acid was purchased from Merck KGaA (Darmstadt, Germany). 45S5 Bioglass (99.07 nm average particle size, 2.2912 m 2 /g BET surface area) was produced in nanosize with the sol–gel method by Keçeciler-Emir et al at Yildiz Technical University (Istanbul, Turkey) …”

“…45S5 Bioglass (99.07 nm average particle size, 2.2912 m 2 /g BET surface area) was produced in nanosize with the sol−gel method by Kecȩciler-Emir et al at Yildiz Technical University (Istanbul, Turkey). 34 Wistar rats (200−300 g, 15). Experiments were performed in accordance with the Turkish Code of the Welfare and Protection of Animals Used for Experimental and Other Scientific Purposes and Directive 2010/63/EU on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes.…”

“…45S5 Bioglass (99.07 nm average particle size, 2.2912 m 2 /g BET surface area) was produced in nanosize with the sol−gel method by Kecȩciler-Emir et al at Yildiz Technical University (Istanbul, Turkey). 34 Wistar rats (200−300 g,…”