Fabrication, Characterization, and Biological Activity of Avermectin Nano-delivery Systems with Different Particle Sizes

Abstract

Nano-delivery systems for the active ingredients of pesticides can improve the utilization rates of pesticides and prolong their control effects. This is due to the nanocarrier envelope and controlled release function. However, particles containing active ingredients in controlled release pesticide formulations are generally large and have wide size distributions. There have been limited studies about the effect of particle size on the controlled release properties and biological activities of pesticide delivery systems. In the current study, avermectin (Av) nano-delivery systems were constructed with different particle sizes and their performances were evaluated. The Av release rate in the nano-delivery system could be effectively controlled by changing the particle size. The biological activity increased with decreasing particle size. These results suggest that Av nano-delivery systems can significantly improve the controllable release, photostability, and biological activity, which will improve efficiency and reduce pesticide residues.

Corrosion and Heat Treatment Study of Electroless NiP-Ti Nanocomposite Coatings Deposited on HSLA Steel

“…For example, the inclusion of C 3 N 4 , TiN, BN, Al 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , SiO 2 , SiC, B 4 C [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ], as well as metals like Al, Ti, Cu [ 15 , 16 , 17 ] can be found in the literature. The insertion of the ceramic particles like Al 2 O 3 [ 10 ] and TiO 2 [ 11 ] into the NiP matrix can ameliorate the hardness and the wear resistance of the NiP coatings. Whereas others, like CeO 2 and Si 3 N 4 can increase the corrosion resistance properties of NiP coatings [ 18 , 19 ].…”

Biocidal activity of polylactic acid-based nano-formulated abamectin on Acyrthosiphon pisum (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and the aphid predator Adalia bipunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

“…For the commercial formulation, free abamectin on the surface of insects and Petri dishes were rapidly degraded, thereby reducing exposure to toxic residues. Nanoformualtions could enhance the stability of the pesticide and inhibit the degradation of abamectin [32,45], then, improved the toxicity to ladybeetles. While the oral exposure results showed totally opposite trends.…”

Synthesis, Characterization, and Pesticidal Activity of Emamectin Benzoate Nanoformulations against Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)

“…However, repeated and indiscriminate application of pesticides has led to numerous issues, including increasing health risks to humans and animals, killing nontarget animals (e.g., predators and parasitoids of insect pests, and pollinators), polluting the environment, and increasing pest resistance [1]. Conventional pesticide formulations have several drawbacks, including poor solubility in water, high sensitivity to photolysis/hydrolysis, and easiness of evaporating and drifting along with the wind [2,3]. As a result, more than 90% of pesticide formulations run off into the environment instead of reaching target sites, which reduces the pesticide-use efficiency and meanwhile worsens the pesticide-related issues [4].…”