Fabrication of an Electrochemical Sensor for Helicobacter pylori in Excrement Based on a Gold Electrode

Abstract

This study presented the determination of Helicobacter pylori using a gold electrode (AuE)-based electrochemical biosensor in which the electroactive label was β-cyclodextrin (β-CD). The covalent immobilization of a thiol-decorated single-stranded DNA probe on the AuE surface occurred through the formation of a Au-S bond. The DNA hybridization was monitored via the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) method, where the electrochemical signals for reduction of the β-CD bound to the double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) were measured. The electrochemical signal was linearly related to the target DNA concentration (0.3 nM-0.24 μM) when measured under optimal conditions, and the limit of detection (LOD) was determined to be as low as 0.15 nM, suggesting that measurements with our developed biosensor were highly repeatable and reproducible. In addition, our proposed biosensor was successfully applied to the determination of Helicobacter pylori in excrement.

Helicobacter pylori detection methods in complex samples: a mini-review

“…11 These factors can range from the host clinical status, cost, safety as well as sample preparation. 3,4,[10][11][12][13] Invasive methods are normally used in patients with symptoms and beyond the discussion of this mini-review. Non-invasive methods are particularly important for it is general simplicity, minimal effect on patient, cost-effectiveness, minimal sample preparation and their potential for point-of-care devices.…”

“…7 HP is showing an increasing resistance for the routine medical treatments by antibiotics. 3,[10][11][12][13] Thus, HP contamination detection is considerably important to prevent infections or at least diagnose the infection at early stages rather than just after serious disease and symptoms development. HP can cause several diseases, but not all hosts will suffer from symptoms as not all HP strains are seriously pathogenic.…”

“…3,[10][11][12][13] In addition, disease development also depends on host conditions like lifestyle and diet. 3,[10][11][12][13] Thus, the main challenge in HP treatment is to diagnose infection at early stage especially for hosts most likely to develop serious HP-related diseases and in host children. 10 Additionally, diagnosing HP medium contaminations within its susceptible transition routes like food, water and communal facilities will be very important to prevent infections.…”

“…11 Invasive methods, like histopathology staining and routine endoscopy, are typically oriented for detection in infected humans especially at late stages. 3,[10][11][12][13] However, non-invasive detection methods can be of in-vivo and in-vitro nature. 3,7,10,11 Urea Breath Test (UBT) is very common and widely used as in-vivo detection method of HP.…”

“…3,7,10,11 Urea Breath Test (UBT) is very common and widely used as in-vivo detection method of HP. 3,[10][11][12][13] Colorimetric sensors, Fluorescent-based sensors, Electrochemical sensors, ELISA kits as well as Lateral Flow Devices provide In-vitro detection of HP. 14 Nevertheless, there is still a lack of cost-effective, ultrasensitive, specific and rapid sensors to diagnose HP contamination in complex samples while being compatible with point-of-care devices.…”