Facial feature extraction from color images

Visual tracking for multimodal human computer interaction

“…A different approach for locating and tracking faces using skin-colors is described in (Hunke and Waibel, 1994;Chang et al, 1994;Yang and Waibel, 1995;Oliver et al 1997). Color has been long used for recognition and segmentation (Ohta et al, 19SO;Swain and Ballard, 1991).…”

Exploiting Voronoi diagram properties in face segmentation and feature extraction

“…Many papers have been published that perform face localization in colour images [2,[9][10][11][13][14][15][16]24,26]. All of these exploited the HSV colour space by using the RGB to HSV transformation.…”

“…Ref. [9] followed a similar procedure, while Ref. [10] chose the following system to convert from (RGB) to (Y, C b , C r ): (1)…”

Building Three Dimensional Head Models

“…However, these techniques are mostly used for the localization of the face in a larger rectangular area and cannot succeed in locating the exact positions of characteristic feature points, which is necessary in the current application. Systems based on the analysis of color distribution [3,9,10,39,43] have been proposed but they lack robustness when dealing with varying illuminations and when similarly colored objects appear in the background. More complicated techniques that are based on the use of deformable contours [29] or deformable 3D models [8] have also been reported to accurately detect the position and shape of a face.…”