Factor analysis for the clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors and sedentary behavior, a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background Few studies have reported on the clustering pattern of CVD risk factors, including sedentary behavior, systemic inflammation, and cadiometabolic components in the general population. Objective We aimed to explore the clustering pattern of CVD risk factors using exploratory factor analysis to investigate the underlying relationships between various CVD risk factors. Methods A total of 5606 subjects (3157 male, 51.5±11.7 y/o) were enrolled, and 14 cardiovascular risk factors were analyzed in an exploratory group (n = 3926) and a validation group (n = 1676), including sedentary behaviors. Results Five factor clusters were identified to explain 69.4% of the total variance, including adiposity (BMI, TG, HDL, UA, and HsCRP; 21.3%), lipids (total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol; 14.0%), blood pressure (SBP and DBP; 13.3%), glucose (HbA1C, fasting glucose; 12.9%), and sedentary behavior (MET and sitting time; 8.0%). The inflammation biomarker HsCRP was clustered with only adiposity factors and not with other cardiometabolic risk factors, and the clustering pattern was verified in the validation group. Conclusion This study confirmed the clustering structure of cardiometabolic risk factors in the general population, including sedentary behavior. HsCRP was clustered with adiposity factors, while physical inactivity and sedentary behavior were clustered with each other.

Inflammation subtypes in psychosis and their relationships with genetic risk for psychiatric and cardiometabolic disorders

“…Only a few studies have examined the clustering pattern of established cardiometabolic risk factors (e.g., lipid, adiposity, blood pressure, sedentary lifestyle, etc.) and the joint influence of unfavorable cardiometabolic profile in non-psychiatric populations ( Stoner et al., 2017 ; Tsai et al., 2020 ; Klisic et al., 2021 ). No previous work has examined the aggregation of genetic risks for multiple cardiometabolic traits in psychiatric populations.…”

Analysis of Risk Factors in Patients with Subclinical Atherosclerosis and Increased Cardiovascular Risk Using Factor Analysis

“…The patient’s weight is also related to another, often-observed phenomenon, the circumference of the patient’s belt. Several research results [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 34 , 35 , 36 ] are fully or particularly associated with these characteristics.…”

“…Fibrinogen also appeared in some of the studies analyzed, either as part of the adiposity [ 38 ] or in connection with smoking [ 39 ]. For example, urea was also represented in the research as a load on the metabolic factor [ 8 , 9 ].…”

“…In recent years, the use of factor analysis, not only in the field of CVD, has been increasing. Tsai and co-workers [ 8 ] focused on the relationship between cardiometabolic factors, systemic inflammation, and data on the Taiwanese population’s sitting time and physical activity using principal component analysis. They created five clusters of factors and demonstrated that traditional CVD risk factors are not similar to those describing the physical activity that falls into one cluster.…”

Relação dos componentes da síndrome metabólica com os índices lipídicos e parâmetros antropométricos em trabalhadores rurais: análise fatorial exploratória

“…We interpreted the factors based on loads that relate the variables to the factor because higher factor loadings represent more correlation between the variable and the latent factor. We considered the factor loadings > 0.4 significant to identify the variables that compose a factor, according to Tsai et al 12…”