Factors Affecting Cell Biomass and Flavonoid Production of Ficus deltoidea var. kunstleri in Cell Suspension Culture System

Abstract

A study was conducted to establish in vitro culture conditions for maximum production of biomass and flavonoid content for Ficus deltoidea var. kunstleri , locally named as Mas Cotek, known to have a wide variety of potential beneficial attributes for human health. Size of initial inoculum, cell aggregate and initial pH value have been suggested to influent content of biomass and flavonoid for cell suspension culture in several plant species. In the present study, leaf explants were cultured by cell suspension culture procedures in MSB5 basal medium supplemented with predetermined supplements of 30 g/L sucrose, 2.75 g/L gelrite, 2 mg/L picloram and 1 mg/L kinetin with continuous agitation of 120 rpm in a standard laboratory environment. Establishment of cell suspension culture was accomplished by culturing resulting callus in different initial fresh weight of cells (0.10, 0.25, 0.50, 1.0, and 2.0 g/25 mL of media) using similar basal medium. The results showed that the highest production of biomass (0.65 g/25 mL of media) was recorded from an initial inoculum size of 2.0 g/25 mL media, whereas the highest flavonoid (3.3 mg RE/g DW) was found in 0.5 g/25 mL of media. Cell suspension fractions classified according to their sizes (500–750 µm, 250–500 µm, and <250 µm). Large cell aggregate size (500–750 µm) cultured at pH 5.75 produced the highest cell biomass (0.28 g/25 mL media) and flavonoid content (3.3 mg RE/g DW). The study had established the optimum conditions for the production of total antioxidant and flavonoid content using DPPH and FRAP assays in cell suspension culture of F . deltoidea var. kunstleri .

The Effects of Hydrogen Peroxide on Plant Growth, Mineral Accumulation, as Well as Biological and Chemical Properties of Ficus deltoidea

“…It is a small plant up to 3 m tall, sometimes occurring as an epiphyte and exhibits low photosynthetic rates during its vegetative growth. Much research has been done to recognize the importance of this plant highlighting its antidiabetic [5,6], antinociceptive [7], antioxidant [8], antimicrobial [9] and anti-proliferative [10] uses. Historically, each part of this plant is known to provide benefits including reduced sugar levels in the blood [5], reduced blood pressure [10], contraction of the vagina after delivery [11], delayed menopause and also to reduce the risk of cancer [11][12][13].…”

“…Historically, each part of this plant is known to provide benefits including reduced sugar levels in the blood [5], reduced blood pressure [10], contraction of the vagina after delivery [11], delayed menopause and also to reduce the risk of cancer [11][12][13]. At present, numerous plant-based sources are used by the pharmaceutical industry for the production of bioactive compounds or secondary metabolites [8]. The plant's use as an alternative medicinal herb is gaining popularity with the sale of tea bags and capsules of F. deltoidea in the local market [5].…”

Development of a Cell Suspension Culture System for Promoting Alkaloid and Vinca Alkaloid Biosynthesis Using Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Local Catharanthus roseus

“…The highest biomass (0.65 g/25 mL) of Ficus deltoidea var. kunstleri was reached when using an initial inoculum size of 2.0 g/25 mL, whereas the highest flavonoid content (3.3 mg Rutin equivalents/g dried weight) was found with 0.5 g/25 mL [11]. In a suspension culture of Eriobotrya japonica cells, a high level of total triterpene production was obtained when the medium was supplemented with 2.5 mg/L benzyladenine (BA) and 1.0 mg/L naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) [6].…”

A Potent Peroxidase from Solid Cell Culture of Ocimum Basilicum with High Sensitivity for Blood Glucose Determination

“…There are reports that show the biomass growth, production of the desired compound, or both are heavily affected because of the shear stress of the suspension culture bioreactors (Haida et al 2019), while solid cell culture is practically easier and economically more amenable (Efferth 2019;Ochoa-Villarreal et al 2016). In view of these premises and in pursuit of a reliable source for a potent plant POX, solid culture of basil cells was thoroughly studied.…”