Factors affecting in vitro plant regeneration from cotyledonary node explant of Senna sophera (L.) Roxb. A highly medicinal legume

Abstract

An efficient in vitro regeneration protocol has been developed for a medicinal legume Senna sophera (L.) Roxb. using Cotyledonary Node (CN) explants. The plant exhibits high medicinal potential and is being used in several traditional and homeopathy system of medicine. The present study described an in vitro regeneration protocol, where different factors were optimized for maximum multiplication and propagation. The age of the explant, plant growth regulators, basal medium, pH of the medium and sucrose concentrations markedly influenced in vitro propagation of S. sophera. Among 14, 21 and 28 day-old CN explants, 21 day-old explants were found to be the most responsive. A maximum of 19.50 ± 0.51 shoots/explant were produced from 21 day-old seedling explants, having an average shoot length of 5.23 ± 0.14 cm in 86.00 ± 2.08% cultures after 6 weeks of incubation on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with benzyl adenine (BA) (5.0 µM) + naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) (1.0 µM) and containing 3% sucrose with pH value adjusted at 5.8. The highest rooting frequency (96.00 ± 2.08%) with maximum of 7.63 ± 0.23 roots/shoot having an average root length of 4.86 ± 0.35 cm was obtained on half-strength MS medium with 1.0 µM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and solidified with 0.25% phytagel. The plantlets were acclimatized in sterile soilrite under controlled conditions, hardened and successfully transferred to soil in natural conditions with 90% survival rate. The regenerated plants showed no morphological variations in terms of leaf shape, flower shape, pod size, number of seeds etc., when compared with the naturally grown plants in the field.

In Vitro Propagation of an Endangered Helianthus verticillatus by Axillary Bud Proliferation

“…Increasing the concentration of BAP in the induction medium decreased the length of shoots ( Figure 2A, and data not shown). A similar inhibitory effect of BAP beyond its optimum level on the axillary bud induction frequency, number of shoots per explants, and average shoot length has been well-documented in other plants [11,20,46,47,49,[51][52][53][54][55][56][57]. A possible reason for the reduction in the regeneration potential was a detrimental effect of BAP at higher concentrations [58][59][60] or a formation of an excessive basal callus at the expense of shoot proliferation [12,56].…”

“…For a rapid in vitro clonal propagation of plants, normally dormant axillary buds are induced to elongate by cytokinins [22,44,45]. Among the various cytokinins tested in other studies, 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) was the most widely used for the initiation and subsequent proliferation of shoots in a broad range of species [19,32,[45][46][47][48]. Thus, the use of a 1 2 -strength salts Murashige and Skoog medium ( 1 2 MS) and enhancing it with various concentrations of BAP (0.88 to 4.44 µM) were examined to assess the morphogenetic potential in the regeneration of six genotypes of H. verticillatus from nodal explants.…”

An efficient micropropagation protocol for direct organogenesis from nodal explants of medicinal climber, Tylophora indica

“…Particularly the plant being among the threatened plant species and in different regions where the physiological conditions are unusual, therefore, a protocol must be standardized to cope with the alarm-ing situations. Direct regeneration has been reported to vary with concentrations and combinations of hormones, light and incubation, genotype and explant used (Parveen and Shahzad, 2014;Niedz et al, 2015).…”

In vitro germination and regeneration of Senna artemisioides, a valuable leguminous ornamental shrub

“…i.e., 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 mg L -1 without or with naphthaleneacetic acid (ΝΑΑ) at 0.05 mg L -1 . The concentrations of plant growth regulators used were based on the results of previous studies on other Senna species (Parveen and Shahzad, 2014;Siddique et al, 2015).…”

“…Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium (Murashige and Skoog, 1962) and woody plant medium (WPM; McCown and Lloyd, 1981) have been used in previous studies on micropropagation of other Senna species (Fett-Neto et al, 2000;Agrawal and Sardar, 2006;Gbadamosi and Hassan, 2013;Parveen and Shahzad, 2014;Siddique et al, 2015;Ahmed et al, 2013). There are no studies on their effectiveness for micropropagation of S. artemisioides.…”