Factors affecting maxillary sinus pneumatization following posterior maxillary tooth extraction

Abstract

Purpose The aims of the present study were 1) to quantitatively evaluate the extent of sinus pneumatization and 2) to determine the factors affecting sinus pneumatization. Methods Based on implant treatment records, a list of patients who underwent implant placement on the posterior maxilla was obtained. Among them, patients with pre-extraction and post-extraction (before implant placement) panoramic radiographs were selected. After excluding radiographs with low resolution and image distortion, the radiographs before and after extraction were superimposed using computer software. Subsequently, the extent of sinus pneumatization (the vertical change of the sinus floor) was measured. Simple and multiple mixed models were used to determine the factors affecting sinus pneumatization. Results A total of 145 patients were eligible for the present investigation. The average extent of sinus pneumatization was 1.56±3.93 mm at 176 tooth sites. Male sex, single tooth extraction, extraction of an endodontically compromised tooth, a class I root-sinus relationship, and sinus membrane thickening >10 mm favored pneumatization, but without statistical significance. The maxillary second molar presented the greatest pneumatization (2.25±4.39 mm) compared with other tooth types. This finding was confirmed in the multiple mixed model, which demonstrated a statistically significant impact of the extraction of a second molar compared with the extraction of a first premolar. Conclusions Maxillary sinus pneumatization was 1.56±3.93 mm on average. The extraction of a second molar led to the greatest extent of pneumatization, which should be considered in the treatment plan for this tooth site.

Influence of the contact area of the sub-antral space with sinus bone and the Schneiderian membrane on osteogenesis in lateral window sinus elevation surgery: a prospective experiment

“…Although the bone material will also be absorbed during the healing, since Bio-oss is a long-term degradation material that is difficult to be absorbed [ 28 ], it can exist in the body for a long time [ 29 ], so the volume of this part is negligible. Second, the reduction of sub-antral space volume is also related to the collapse of the three-dimensional structure of bone material, which may be affected by the negative pressure generated by the absorption of contents within the gaps of bone material particles, and the process is associated with the extra pressure on the Schneiderian membrane [ 5 , 30 ], which is unavoidable due to respiration [ 31 ]. However, no effect of S mc on V a was observed in this study, so the effect of pressure from breathing on collapse may be much greater than that of S mc .…”

Influence of the contact area of the sub-antral space with sinus bone and the Schneiderian membrane on osteogenesis in lateral window sinus elevation surgery: A prospective experiment

“…Although the bone material will also be absorbed during the healing, since Bio-oss is a longterm degradation material that is di cult to be absorbed [28], it can exist in the body for a long time [29], so the volume of this part is negligible. Second, the reduction of sub-antral space volume is also related to the collapse of the three-dimensional structure of bone material, which may be affected by the negative pressure generated by the absorption of contents within the gaps of bone material particles, and the process is associated with the extra pressure on the Schneiderian membrane [5,30], which is unavoidable due to respiration [31]. However, no effect of S mc on V a was observed in this study, so the effect of pressure from breathing on collapse may be much greater than that of S mc .…”

Tilted Implants and Sinus Floor Elevation Techniques Compared in Posterior Edentulous Maxilla: A Retrospective Clinical Study over Four Years of Follow-Up

“…Fixed rehabilitation of an atrophic maxilla may represent a real challenge for clinicians. Following tooth loss, the physiological process of bone resorption is combined with sinus pneumatization, which often impedes traditional implant placement in posterior sectors [1][2][3].…”