Factors Affecting Mortality among Patients with Major Burn at Intensive Care Units

Abstract

Background: Critically ill patients with burn are a risk group whose outcomes are negatively affected by many factors. Among these factors are sepsis, total body surface burned area, and depth of the burn. Aim of Study: To assess factors affecting mortality among burned patients at Intensive Care Units. Patient and Methods: The target population in the study were the adult male and female patients admitted to the ICU and have burn more than or equal 20% over a period of six months. This study was conducted from February to August 2017 in the ICU affiliated to 185 Kasr Al-Aini Hospital for Burn and Emergency which consists of 10 rooms each room contains 4 beds. Three tools were developed by the investigator and utilized for data collection, These tools are: Tool 1: Personal background and medical data, Tool 2: Burn assessment tool, and Tool 3: Burn management tool. Results: More than half (55.2%) of the studied sample died and approximately half (44.7%) discharged from the ICU. A significant statistical difference was found between died and discharged subjects regarding length of ICU stay (t/p 2.04/0.04), body mass index (χ 2 /p 20.395/0.002), TBSA (t/p 8.20/0.000), depth of burn (χ 2 /p 32.709/0.000), occurance of wound infection (x 2 /p 20.73/0.000). No significant statistical difference was found between died and discharged patients regarding age (t/p 1.7/0.08), heart rate (t/p 1.96/0.054), gender (χ 2 /p 0.017/0.897) and mechanism of injury (χ 2 /p 0.508/0.476).