Factors affecting the absorption of iron from cereals

Abstract

1. Non-haem-iron absorption from a variety of cereal and fibre meals was measured in parous Indian women, using the erythrocyte utilization of radioactive Fe method.2. The present study was undertaken to establish whether alteration of the phytate and polyphenol contents of sorghum (Sorghum vulgare) affected Fe absorption from sorghum meals, and to assess the influence of fibre on Fe absorption.3. Removing the outer layers of sorghum grain by pearling reduced the polyphenol and phytate contents by 96 and 92% respectively. This treatment significantly increased the geometric mean Fe absorption from 0.017 to 0.035 (t 3.9, P < 0405). 4.The geometric mean Fe absorption from a sorghum cultivar that lacked polyphenols (albino sorghum) was 0.043, which was significantly greater than the 0.019 absorbed from bird-proof sorghum, a cultivar with a high polyphenol content (t 2.83, P < 0.05). 5.Fe was less well absorbed from the phytate-rich pearlings of the albino sorghum than from the pearled albino sorghum (0.015 v. 0.035 ( t 8.4, P < 0.0005)). Addition of sodium phytate to a highly Fe-bioavailable broccoli (Brassica oleracea) meal reduced Fe absorption from 0.185 to 0.037. 6. The geometric mean Fe absorption from malted sorghum porridge was 0.024 when 9.5 mg ascorbic acid were added and 0.094 when the ascorbic acid was increased to 50 mg (t 3.33, P < 0405). This enhancing effect of 50 mg ascorbic acid was significantly depressed to 0.04 by tea (t 38.1, P < 0.0005). 7. Wheat bran significantly decreased the geometric mean Fe absorption from white flour from 0.1 16 to 0.043 8. Some of the constituents of the dietary fibre complex, such as apple pectin, guar gum, gum tragacanth ana microcrystalline cellulose did not inhibit Fe absorption. On the other hand, hemicellulose and lignin decreased absorption. The geometric mean absorption of Fe given with hemicellulose was 0.079 v. 0.269 with microcrystalline cellulose (t 2.95, P < 0.05). Addition of cocoa, which contains approximately 280 g lignin/kg, reduced the geometric mean Fe absorption from milk from 0.075 to 0.035 (t 2.7, P < 0.05).(t 7.2, P < 0.0005).

Sorghum: An Underutilized Cereal Whole Grain with the Potential to Assist in the Prevention of Chronic Disease

“…In the other 7 anemic subjects, there was no difference observed. Gillooly et al (1984) (132) Fe absorption. 53 Fe-deficient Indian females (age not specified Randomized-crossover design, 22 males and females consumed pasta containing red or white wholegrain sorghum flour (30% sorghum, 70% semolina) or a wheat control made from 100% semolina.…”

Composição química e conteúdo de ferro solúvel em soja [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]

“…O termo fibra dietética define um conjunto de diferentes compostos, entre eles a hemicelulose e a lignina, consideradas como complexantes de ferro e outros minerais em um experimento realizado por Gillooly et al (1984). De acordo com Dintzis et al (1979), o tegumento externo da soja contém 87% das fibras desse grão, dos quais 40% a 53% são de celulose, 14% a 33% de hemicelulose e 1 a 3% de lignina.…”

“…A soja ainda é rica em minerais, em especial magnésio, fósforo, cobre, zinco e ferro. A utilização desses minerais pode ser prejudicada por causa de fatores presentes no grão, os quais são considerados por muitos pesquisadores como antinutricionais (Gillooly et al, 1984;Latunde-Dada & Neale, 1986), mas esses dados são ainda questionáveis, pois muitos resultados são conflitantes. Quanto ao ferro, diversos são os resultados encontrados.…”

Study on the assessment of plants/herbs, plant/herb extracts and their naturally or synthetically produced components as ‘additives’ for use in animal production

“…In rats fed ground barley, gum tragacanth accelerated the passage of digesta trough the gastrointestinal tract, gave the faeces a lighter colour and increased their size and water content (Gohl et al, 1977). Fe absorption was not inhibited by gum tragacanth (Gillooly et al, 1984). In rats that were fed hyperlipidaemic diet containing gum tragacanth, a marked improvement in the plasma LDL cholesterol and total cholesterol concentration was observed.…”