Factors Affecting the Decision Making of HPV Vaccination Uptake Among Female Youth in Klang Valley (Influencing Factors): A Qualitative Study

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Cervical cancer is estimated to affect 500 000 women each year globally, whereby 80% of the cases are in developing nations. Almost all cervical cancer cases were attributed to Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection.
 
 AIM: To identify factors influencing the decision-making of HPV vaccination uptake as prevention for cervical cancer among female youth in the Klang Valley 
 
 METHODS: This study used in-depth interview; purposive sampling and snowball sampling method. The questionnaire was based on the Health Belief Model, which consist of perceived susceptibility, severity, benefit, barrier and cues to action. NVivo 7 software was used to process, transcribe and analyse the data from interview sessions.
 
 RESULT: This study found that the key driving factors that encouraged female youth to get vaccinated were due to the role of family members and friends, concerns on contracting HPV related illness, free/discounted priced vaccination, recommendation from health care personnel, government’s policy, and benefit (believe in the effectiveness of vaccination). Meanwhile, deterring factors which prevented the uptake of HPV vaccination were lack of knowledge and awareness, costs, healthcare provider and services, time constraint and perceived not at risk.
 
 CONCLUSION: Factors leading to the uptake of the HPV vaccine should be seen in a transparent manner to ensure the success of the HPV vaccination program in this country.