Factors Affecting the Gravity Drainage Mechanism From a Single Matrix Block in Naturally Fractured Reservoirs

Dejam, Morteza; Ghazanfari, Mohammad Hossein; Mashayekhizadeh, Vahid; Kamyab, Mohammadreza

doi:10.1615/specialtopicsrevporousmedia.v2.i2.50

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…This is approximately two times the reserves of conventional light oils (Le Ravalec et al 2009). These unconventional resources have been predicted by IEA to provide an increasing share towards meeting overall energy demand as we transitioned to a decarbonized energy mix (Mashayekhizadeh et al 2011a, b;Dejam et al 2011Dejam et al , 2013Dejam et al , 2018. This is necessary given that there is hardly any substitute in catering for the demand by the transportation and petrochemicals sectors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of reservoir pay thickness on the performance of the THAI heavy oil and bitumen upgrading and production process

Ado

2020

J Petrol Explor Prod Technol

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The increasing energy demand has to be met while we transitioned to a decarbonized energy future. Heavy oil and bitumen reserves are urgently needed to be developed to ensure that a smooth transition is provided. In this work, field-scale kinetics parameters are used to study the effect of reservoir pay thickness on the performance of toe-to-heel air injection (THAI) process. Air was injected at constant rate into three different models with the thicknesses of 24 m, 16 m, and 8 m, respectively. The oil produced is slightly affected by the reservoir thickness. It is found that the lower the reservoir thickness, the larger the cumulative air-to-oil ratio (cAOR), indicating that heat loss increases with the decrease in the reservoir thickness. This trend is similar to steam-based processes. At constant air injection flux, it is found that both the cumulative oil produced and the cAOR decrease with the decrease in the reservoir thicknesses. This decrease is attributed to the decrease in the rate of heat generation in the thinner reservoirs, which in turn results in lower combustion zone temperature and thus lower temperature gradients between the reservoir and the overburden and the reservoir and the underburden. Consequently, a more general conclusion is that decreasing the air injection rate by the same factor the reservoir thickness is decreased (i.e. keeping the air injection flux constant) results in a more economical THAI process operation compared to when the air injection rate is kept constant (i.e. allowing increase in air injection flux).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of reservoir pay thickness on the performance of the THAI heavy oil and bitumen upgrading and production process

Ado

2020

J Petrol Explor Prod Technol

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“…In reservoir engineering, capillary force in a matrix (or very fine fissures) is not ignorable. Actually, the matrix capillary pressure is used purposely to suck water into the matrix, thus forcing petroleum out of the matrix [44,45]. The capillary force represents the pressure difference between two fluid phases (otherwise the net force on the interface between the two phases would not vanish and would yield an infinite large acceleration of the interface, which is unrealistic).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Fluid Pressure Wave between Biot Theory and Storativity Equation

Liu

2020

Geofluids

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Compressibilities of pore fluid and rock skeleton affect pressure profile and flow velocity of fluid in aquifers. Storativity equation is often used to characterize such effects. The equation suffers from a disadvantage that at infinite large frequency, the predicted velocity of fluid pressure wave is infinitely large, which is unrealistic because any physical processes need certain amounts of time. In this paper, Biot theory is employed to investigate the problem. It is shown that the key equations of Biot theory can be simplified to storativity equation, based on low-frequency assumption. Using Berea sandstone as an example, we compare phase velocity and the quality factor between Biot theory and storativity equation. The results reveal that Biot theory is more accurate in yielding a bounded wave velocity. At frequency lower than 100 kHz, Biot theory yields a wave velocity 8 percent higher than storativity equation does. Apparent permeability measured by fluid pressure wave (such as Oscillatory Hydraulic Tomography) may be 14 percent higher than real permeability measured by steady flow experiments. If skeleton is rigid, Biot theory at very high frequencies or with very high permeabilities will yield the same velocity as sound wave in pure water. The findings help us for better understanding of the physical processes of pore fluid and the limitations of storativity equation.

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“…Core slices 2 cm thick were cut at the injection, middle, and production ends, as shown in Figure 3(a). To avoid the heat 2 Geofluids generated during the cutting process, which can affect oil saturation, liquid nitrogen nozzles were installed at the cutting blade and core to cool them continuously. The hand-held oilbearing sandstone grinding device was used for tablet production.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reservoir residual oil saturation forms the basis for the formulation and adjustment of oilfield development plans and improvement of oil recovery [1,2]. Most oilfields in China are experiencing high water cuts; further, because of the complex geological conditions of these oilfields and the large differences in the nature of crude oil, 70% of the residual oil remains underground.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microscopic Residual Oil Distribution Characteristics and Quantitative Characterization of Producing Degree Based on Core Fluorescence Analysis Technology

et al. 2021

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In this study, to address the insufficiency of research on the distribution characteristics and quantitative characterization of oil, water, and rock in a reservoir, laser confocal and core fluorescence analysis techniques are combined with core flooding experiments to investigate oil–water distribution characteristics in the core and the microscopic origin of residual oil. The results obtained show that the three-dimensional (3D) distribution characteristics of oil, water, and rock can be depicted using a laser confocal technique. Free and bound states are dominated by water flooding, and their total proportion is 93.65%, while the semibound state only accounts for 6.35% of the total. Polymer flooding has clear effects such as production of cluster-like residual oil, interparticle adsorption state residual oil, pore surface oil film, and corner residual oil. After alkali-surfactant-polymer (ASP) flooding, the residual oil produced at the lowest degree corresponds to particle adsorption oil, pore surface oil films, and interparticle adsorption state residual oil. The emulsion transition process in porous media, i.e., Winsor I→Winsor III→Winsor II, is studied. Moreover, the fluorescence analysis technology is used to clarify the causes for residual oil production, namely, pore structure, crude oil viscosity, the Jia Min effect, particle migration, and adsorption capacity. The combination of laser confocal and fluorescence analysis technology can help realize the three-dimensional reconstruction of the fluid in the core, and it can quantitatively characterize the microscopic residual oil. According to the analysis results, it can also guide the formulation and adjustment of oilfield development plans.

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Factors Affecting the Gravity Drainage Mechanism From a Single Matrix Block in Naturally Fractured Reservoirs

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of reservoir pay thickness on the performance of the THAI heavy oil and bitumen upgrading and production process

Effect of reservoir pay thickness on the performance of the THAI heavy oil and bitumen upgrading and production process

Comparison of Fluid Pressure Wave between Biot Theory and Storativity Equation

Microscopic Residual Oil Distribution Characteristics and Quantitative Characterization of Producing Degree Based on Core Fluorescence Analysis Technology

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