“…However, some of these differences were transient as BQCV prevalence were equal in migratory and stationary colonies after one month in some cases ( Alger et al, 2018 ). ABPV had higher prevalence in migratory colonies (Tozcar et al, 2015) while DWV prevalence has been found to be higher in stationary colonies ( Jara et al, 2021 ; Simone-Finstrom et al, 2022 ) or did not show any significant trend (Welch et al, 2009; Bromenshenk et al, 2010; Tozcar et al, 2015; Alger et al, 2018 ; Bartlett et al, 2021 , Pfeiffer and Crowder, 2022 ). Multiple viral infections are not uncommon in honey bees ( Chen et al, 2006 ), but seem to increase in migratory beekeeping operations, where triple infections were found at a higher prevalence (Welch et al, 2009).…”