Factors associated with grip strength decline in older adults

Sternäng, Ola; Reynolds, Chandra A.; Finkel, Deborah; Bravell, Marie Ernsth; Pedersen, Nancy L.; Aslan, Anna K. Dahl

doi:10.1093/ageing/afu170

Cited by 115 publications

(139 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Decreased physical activity, malnourishment, chronic diseases, insulin resistance, chronic inflammation and imbalances in anabolic/ catabolic hormones have all been suggested as possible reasons for muscle wasting [14]. Moreover, some evidence suggests that men and women differ in terms of risk factors associated with the decline in grip strength in old age [15]. Our results point to physical activity as one of the main factors associated with greater muscle mass and strength in both sexes, corroborating most scientific evidence indicating the benefits of physical activity on muscle mass and function [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated with Poor Muscle Mass and Strength in A Community-Dwelling Elderly Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

Serra‐Prat¹,

Papiol²,

Vico³

et al. 2017

J Gerontol Geriatr Res

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IntroductionA progressive loss of muscle mass occurs from approximately 40 years of age. This loss has been estimated at about 8% per decade until the age of 70 years, after which the loss increases to 15% per decade [1]. Loss of muscle mass accompanied by loss of muscle strength or function is known as sarcopenia [2], a devastating geriatric syndrome leading to frailty, functional decline, disability, falls and even death [3,4]. Muscle mass and function, the main components of the frailty phenotype proposed by Fried [5], are a main determinant of physical performance and quality of life. The pathophysiology of muscle wasting in the older population is multifactorial and not completely understood [6]. Poor physical exercise and poor nutritional status are considered to be the main risk factors for sarcopenia. Other factors such as an imbalance between anabolic and catabolic hormones [7], metabolic disorders and insulin resistance [8] and chronic proinflammatory states have been associated with muscle wasting [9]. However, the specific role of each of these factors in the development of sarcopenia is not well known. Moreover, gender differences exist not only in body composition, muscle mass and strength but also in the prevalence of frailty and disability [10]. Older women are more prone to experiencing accelerated functional decline, and although they live longer than men they usually have a poorer quality of life [11]. These data would suggest that the pathophysiology of sarcopenia and frailty and the role of the above-mentioned risk factors may differ in men and women. A profound knowledge of the mechanisms involved in muscle wasting and sarcopenia is essential to the design of effective preventive measures to reduce both incidence and consequences. We hypothesize that low physical activity, obesity, inflammation and hormonal misbalances are associated with low muscle mass and strength. The aim of this study was to assess the main factors associated with poor muscle mass and strength in a community-dwelling elderly population and to assess differences by sex. Methods Study design and populationAn observational cross-sectional study was performed of community-dwelling adults aged 75 years and older. A sample was randomly selected from the database of 3 primary care centres in the municipalities of Mataró and Argentona (Barcelona, Spain). Individuals were excluded if they had active malignancy, dementia or serious mental illness, had a life expectancy of less than 6 months, were in a palliative care programme or were institutionalized. Persons who fulfilled all selection criteria and who signed the informed consent form were recruited from January to July 2014. The local ethics committee approved the study protocol (code 64/13). Details of the study design have been previously published [12]. AbstractBackground: The pathophysiology of muscle wasting in the elderly is multifactorial and not fully understood.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated with Poor Muscle Mass and Strength in A Community-Dwelling Elderly Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

Serra‐Prat¹,

Papiol²,

Vico³

et al. 2017

J Gerontol Geriatr Res

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“…Men were significantly stronger, but they also demonstrated steeper decline compared to women (Frederiksen et al 2006; Nahhas et al 2010; Sternang et al 2015a). Moreover, Nahhas et al (2010) found that the decline in grip strength begins in midlife and continues throughout life, which is consistent with another study suggesting accelerating declines in late life for men and women (Sternang et al 2015a). Moreover, as suggested in a phenotypic study of Swedish twins, grip strength trajectories might be affected by different environmental factors in men and women (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Grip strength is a measure that captures early and recent exposures and depends on internal factors such as age and sex (Nahhas et al 2010; Rantanen et al 2000; Frederiksen et al 2006; Sternang et al 2015a). Men were significantly stronger, but they also demonstrated steeper decline compared to women (Frederiksen et al 2006; Nahhas et al 2010; Sternang et al 2015a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

G×E Interaction Influences Trajectories of Hand Grip Strength

et al. 2015

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Age-related decline in grip strength predicts later life disability, frailty, lower well-being and cognitive change. While grip strength is heritable, genetic influence on change in grip strength has been relatively ignored, with non-shared environmental influence identified as the primary contributor in a single longitudinal study. The extent to which gene-environment interplay, particularly gene-environment interactions, contributes to grip trajectories has yet to be examined. We considered longitudinal grip strength measurements in seven twin studies of aging in the Interplay of Genes and Environment across Multiple Studies consortium. Growth curve parameters were estimated for same-sex pairs, aged 34–99 (N = 10,681). Fisher's test for mixture distribution of within-monozy-gotic twin-pair differences (N = 1724) was performed on growth curve parameters. We observed significant gene-environment interaction on grip strength trajectories. Finally, we compared the variability of within-pair differences of growth curve parameters by APOE haplotypes. Though not statistically significant, the results suggested that APOE ε2ε2/ε2ε3 haplotypes might buffer environmental influences on grip strength trajectories.

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“…The risk factors associated with a decline in grip strength seem to be more closely associated with lifestyle (e.g., smoking and stress) in women and with physical characteristics (e.g., mean arterial pressure, physical activity and chronic disorders) in men 4) . Based on 22-year follow-up data, Stenholm et al reported that long-term lifestyle factors, including physical activity, weight change, and smoking status, and physical health factors, including cardiovascular disease and diabetes, were strongly associated with a decline in grip strength in old age 53) .…”

Section: Determinant Factors Of Grip Strength: Life Course Approachmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The literature has provided a wide age range reference value 1) and outlined aging patterns in relation to grip strength 2) . On the other hand, data have shown diverse age-related changes in grip strength 3) and associated factors 4) ; therefore, the "normal/true" aging process for grip strength over one's life-span, how much grip strength is needed in old age, and the determinant factors of grip strength remain as a challenge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grip strength and healthy aging

Kozakai

2017

JPFSM

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Factors associated with grip strength decline in older adults

Cited by 115 publications

References 32 publications

Factors Associated with Poor Muscle Mass and Strength in A Community-Dwelling Elderly Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

Factors Associated with Poor Muscle Mass and Strength in A Community-Dwelling Elderly Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

G×E Interaction Influences Trajectories of Hand Grip Strength

Grip strength and healthy aging

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