Factors associated with illness in athletes participating in the London 2012 Paralympic Games: a prospective cohort study involving 49 910 athlete-days

Schwellnus, Martin; Derman, Wayne; Jordaan, Esmè; Blauwet, Cheri; Emery, Carolyn A.; Pit-Grosheide, Pia; Marques, Norma-Angelica Patino; Martinez-Ferrer, Oriol; Stomphorst, Jaap; Vliet, Peter Van de; Webborn, Nick; Willick, Stuart E.

doi:10.1136/bjsports-2013-092371

Cited by 64 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…We aimed to document the incidence of injury at the Sochi 2014 Winter Paralympic Games per 1000 athlete days, using the same web-based electronic platform used at the London 2012 Summer Paralympic Games 12. Overall injury incidence rate, injury incidence rate (IR) per sport, type of injury and anatomical area of injury were investigated for the 12 day Games period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High incidence of injury at the Sochi 2014 Winter Paralympic Games: a prospective cohort study of 6564 athlete days

et al. 2016

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Objective. To describe the epidemiology of injuries at the Sochi 2014 Winter Paralympic Games. Methods. A total of 547 athletes from 45 countries were monitored daily for 12 days during the Sochi 2014 Winter Paralympic Games (6564 athlete days). Daily injury data were obtained from teams with their own medical support (32 teams, 510 athletes) and teams without their own medical support (13 teams, 37 athletes) through electronic data capturing systems. \ud Results. There were 174 total injuries reported, with an injury incidence rate (IR) of 26.5 per 1000 athlete days (95% CI 22.7% to 30.8%). There was a significantly higher IR recorded in alpine skiing/snowboarding (IR of 41.1 (95% CI 33.7% to 49.6%) p=0.0001) compared to cross-country skiing/biathlon, ice sledge hockey or wheelchair curling. Injuries in the shoulder region were the highest single-joint IR (IR of 6.4 (95% CI 4.6% to 8.6%)), although total upper and lower body IR were similar (IR 8.5 vs 8.4 (95% CI 6.4% to 11.1%)). Furthermore, the IR of acute injuries was significantly higher than other types of injury onset (IR of 17.8 (95% CI 14.7% to 21.4%)). \ud Conclusions. In a Winter Paralympic Games setting, athletes report higher injury incidence than do Olympic athletes or athletes in a Summer Paralympic Games setting. The highest incidence of injury was reported in the alpine skiing/snowboarding sporting category. There was a similar incidence of injury in the upper and lower limbs. The joint with the greatest rate of injury reported was the shoulder joint. Our data can inform injury prevention programmes and policy considerations regarding athlete safety in future Winter Paralympic Games

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High incidence of injury at the Sochi 2014 Winter Paralympic Games: a prospective cohort study of 6564 athlete days

et al. 2016

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“…10 Systematic monitoring of injury and illness trends over time provides epidemiologic data that are invaluable to protect the health of the athletes. Both the IOC, [11][12][13][14] International Paralympic Committee (IPC) [15][16][17][18][19][20][21] and several International Sports Federations (FIFA, IAAF, FINA, FIS, FIVB, IHF, IIHF, IRF) have instituted comprehensive injury and illness surveillance systems longitudinally or in their main events to detect risk factors and mechanisms. [44][45][46][47][48] Some of these have later on informed prevention measures in sport.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sports Injuries and Illnesses in the Lillehammer 2016 Youth Olympic Winter Games

et al. 2017

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BackgroundInjury and illness surveillance during high-level junior sports events is an important first step in health prevention and caretaking of the young elite athletes.ObjectiveTo analyse injuries and illnesses that occurred during the 2nd Youth Olympic Winter Games, YOG, held in Lillehammer 2016.DesignProspective cohort study.Participants1083 14–18 year-old elite athletes, 46% (n=502) of them females, from 70 National Olympic Committees (NOC).InterventionWe recorded the daily occurrence (or non-occurrence) of injuries and illnesses through the reporting of 1) all NOC medical teams and 2) the polyclinic and medical venues by the Lillehammer Organising Committee (LYOCOG) medical staff.Main Outcome MeasurementsNewly occurred injuries and illnesses during the 2016 Lillehammer YOG.ResultsNOCs and LYOCOG reported 108 injuries and 81 illnesses, equalling to 9.5 injuries and 7.2 illnesses per 100 athletes over the 10-day competition period. The percentage of injured athletes was highest in the snowboard and freestyle slopestyle and cross disciplines, alpine skiing, and skeleton, and lowest in the Nordic skiing disciplines. Approximately, two thirds of the injuries (n=71, 65.7%) prevented the athlete from absence from training or competition, while 10 injuries (9.3%) were registered with an estimated absence from sport for >7 days. The rate of illness was highest in curling and the Nordic skiing disciplines with most of them being respiratory tract infections (81.5%).ConclusionsOverall, 9% of the athletes incurred at least one injury during the games, and 7% an illness, which is similar to the first YOG and slightly lower compared to previous Winter Olympic Games. The incidence of injuries and illnesses varied substantially between sports and will require the implementation of individualized preventive measure.

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“…The implementation and compliance with the International Olympic Committee's (IOC's) recommendations on medical examinations7 leave a lot to be desired. The International Paralympic Committee (IPC) has not as yet expressed its opinion in this regard, other than recommending healthcare monitoring during PGs,16 – 20 mostly focusing on the epidemiology of injuries and illnesses 50 – 52…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fit and healthy Paralympians—medical care guidelines for disabled athletes: a study of the injuries and illnesses incurred by the Polish Paralympic team in Beijing 2008 and London 2012

Gawroński

Sobiecka

Malesza³

2013

Br J Sports Med

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Factors associated with illness in athletes participating in the London 2012 Paralympic Games: a prospective cohort study involving 49 910 athlete-days

Abstract: Illness is common in Paralympic athletes and the main factor associated with higher IR of illness was the type of sport (athletics).

Cited by 64 publications

References 14 publications

High incidence of injury at the Sochi 2014 Winter Paralympic Games: a prospective cohort study of 6564 athlete days

High incidence of injury at the Sochi 2014 Winter Paralympic Games: a prospective cohort study of 6564 athlete days

Sports Injuries and Illnesses in the Lillehammer 2016 Youth Olympic Winter Games

Fit and healthy Paralympians—medical care guidelines for disabled athletes: a study of the injuries and illnesses incurred by the Polish Paralympic team in Beijing 2008 and London 2012

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