Factors associated with self-care practice among adult diabetes patients in West Shoa Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

Abstract

BackgroundDiabetes, a rising global health problem, requires continuous self-care practice to prevent acute and chronic complications. However, studies show that few diabetes patients practice the recommended self-care in Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to assess factors associated with self-care practice among adult diabetes patients in public hospitals of West Shoa Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, 257 diabetes patients (mean age 42.9 ± 14.6 years, 54.1% male) completed the survey in Afan Oromo and Amharic languages. A questionnaire consisting standardized tools was used to collect the data. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were conducted using SPSS version 21.ResultsThe mean score for diabetes self-care was 39.8 ± 9.5 and 45.5% of the participants scored below the mean. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that having higher diabetes knowledge (AOR = 2.42, 95% CI = 1.22, 4.80), self-efficacy (AOR = 3.30, 95% CI = 1.64, 6.62), social support (AOR = 2.86, 95% CI = 1.37, 5.96), secondary school education (AOR = 6.0, 95% CI = 1.90, 18.85), and longer duration of diabetes (AOR = 5.55, 95% CI = 2.29, 13.44) were important predictors of good diabetes self-care practice.ConclusionThe diabetes education programs should use strategies that enhance patients’ diabetes knowledge, self-efficacy, and social support. Patients with recent diabetes diagnosis need special attention as they may relatively lack knowledge and skills in self-care. Further studies are needed to elucidate pathways through which diabetes knowledge, self-efficacy, social support, and health literacy affect diabetes self-care.

Diabetes Self-care Activities and Their Relation with Glycemic Control in Patients Presenting to The Indus Hospital, Karachi

“…This demonstrates that patients with a longer duration of diabetes were more compliant with selfcare activities. This result of the association between duration and better self-care activities is consistent with the study conducted in Ethiopia, which found that a longer duration leads to improved awareness of the disease, which, in turn, is linked to increased self-efficacy [29].…”

Diabetics’ self-care practice and its determinants among Adult diabetic patients in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

“…Diabetes is one of the major global health problems that require continuous self-care practices to prevent potential acute and long-term complications (11). Self-care practice is a cornerstone of diabetes management that can ensure the involvement of clients to promote their health and prevent further short and long term complications.…”

“…A total of nineteen studies yielding a total study population of 6595 was eligible and included for both qualitative and quantitative analyses. Amhara, Oromia, and Hareri regions contributed 26.3%(24-28), 21% (6,11,29,30), and 157% (2,7,31) to the total of included studies, respectively. Three regions:…”

“…The effect of social support on diabetic self-care practice has been explored among six studies (7,8,11,25,29,36). Of these, five of the studies revealed that good social support promotes self-care practice.…”

“…DM requires a lifelong self-care behavior, which includes adherence to diet, performing physical activity, blood glucose monitoring, and good compliance to the treatment (10). Appropriate self-care practice is quite crucial to prevent diabetic associated complications, delay the occurrence of comorbidities, and promote health outcomes of patients (11,12). Poor self-care practice, however, rises the chance of experiencing complications including retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, vision impairment, painful paresthesia, and psychiatric disorders (7).…”