Factors associated with the decline in suicide by pesticide poisoning in Taiwan: A time trend analysis, 1987–2010

Chang, Shu‐Sen; Lu, Tsung Hsueh; Eddleston, Michael; Konradsen, Flemming; Sterne, Jonathan A C; Lin, Jin Jia; Gunnell, David

doi:10.3109/15563650.2012.688835

Cited by 45 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…However, accidental PQ poisoning is a serious health problem associated with a mortality rate of 60–70% 1–5 . Reliable prognostic factors would be helpful in guiding treatment, and early prediction of inevitable death would be important in avoiding inappropriate treatment in patients with acute PQ poisoning 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-dependent haemoperfusion after acute paraquat poisoning

Wang

Pan

Shang

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Early haemoperfusion (HP) therapy has been found to be very effective in acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning, but the effective rescue window is still uncertain. Demographic data and the type of therapies administered of 621 patients were included as confounding factors in this retrospective study. After receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and intra-group/subgroup analysis, the initiation of glucocorticoid therapy within 3 hrs of exposure with a second treatment given <21 hrs after exposure, HP initiated within 4 hrs of exposure with a second treatment given <20 hrs after exposure, the appearance of pulmonary lesions ≤8 days after exposure and six other variables were used in a multiple analysis. The strength of positivity of the PQ urine test on admission, HP initiated within 4 hrs of exposure with a second treatment given <20 hrs after exposure, the appearance of pulmonary lesions ≤8 days after exposure, and stage III AKI on admission were independent factors of survival probability. HP therapy for acute PQ poisoning was the main therapeutic intervention investigated in this study. Outcomes were time dependent, and the crucial factor was the initiation of therapy within 4 hrs of PQ poisoning followed by a second treatment within 20 hrs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-dependent haemoperfusion after acute paraquat poisoning

Wang

Pan

Shang

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…However, it is used in Asian countries as a suicide agent due to the low cost, low toxic dose and widespread availability (Chang et al, 2012;Seok et al, 2009;Yamashita et al, 1996). When ingested after accidental or intended poisonings, rapid absorption occurs in small intestine (Houze et al, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Environmental pollutants parathion, paraquat and bisphenol A show distinct effects towards nuclear receptors-mediated induction of xenobiotics-metabolizing cytochromes P450 in human hepatocytes

et al. 2015

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“…An estimated 3,000,000 people are acutely poisoned each year, with a case fatality rate in excess of 9% in Sri Lanka (Eddleston et al , 2012). In nearly all countries the deliberate oral ingestion of OP pesticides is the most common method of self-harm (Chang et al , 2012). In the developed world, however, intentional self-harm with OP pesticides is an uncommon event.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of OpdA, an organophosphorus (OP) hydrolase, prevents lethality in an African green monkey model of acute OP poisoning

et al. 2014

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Organophosphorus (OP) pesticides are a diverse class of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors that are responsible for tremendous morbidity and mortality worldwide, killing approximately 300,000 people annually. Enzymatic hydrolysis of OPs is a potential therapy for acute poisoning. OpdA, an OP hydrolase isolated from Agrobacterium radiobacter, has been shown to decrease lethality in rodent models of OP poisoning. This study investigated the effects of OpdA on AChE activity, plasma concentrations of OP, and signs of toxicity after administration of dichlorvos to nonhuman primates. A dose of 75 mg/kg dichlorvos given orally caused apnea within 10 minutes with a progressive decrease in heart rate. Blood AChE activity decreased to zero within ten minutes. Respirations and AChE activity did not recover. The mean dichlorvos concentration rose to a peak of 0.66 μg/ml. Treated monkeys received 1.2 mg/kg OpdA iv immediately after poisoning with dichlorvos. In Opda-treated animals, heart and respiratory rates were unchanged from baseline over a 240-minute observation period. AChE activity slowly declined, but remained above 25% of baseline for the entire duration. Dichlorvos concentrations reached a mean peak of 0.19 μg/ml at 40 minutes after poisoning and decreased to a mean of 0.05 μg/ml at 240 minutes. These results show that OpdA hydrolyzes dichlorvos in an African Green Monkey model of lethal poisoning, delays AChE inhibition, and prevents lethality.

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Factors associated with the decline in suicide by pesticide poisoning in Taiwan: A time trend analysis, 1987–2010

Abstract: Access to pesticides, indicated by the size of agricultural workforce, appears to influence trends in pesticide suicide in Taiwan. Targeted bans on pesticides should focus on those products that account for most deaths.

Cited by 45 publications

References 31 publications

Time-dependent haemoperfusion after acute paraquat poisoning

Time-dependent haemoperfusion after acute paraquat poisoning

Environmental pollutants parathion, paraquat and bisphenol A show distinct effects towards nuclear receptors-mediated induction of xenobiotics-metabolizing cytochromes P450 in human hepatocytes

Use of OpdA, an organophosphorus (OP) hydrolase, prevents lethality in an African green monkey model of acute OP poisoning

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