Factors impacting new bone formation in transcrestal sinus floor elevation followed by implant placement: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Objectives This study aimed to evaluate factors related to new bone formation (NBF) following simultaneous implant placement with transcrestal sinus floor elevation (TSFE). Materials and methods Between 2008 and 2020, 357 implants (276 patients) were placed with TSFE. Clinical and radiographic examinations were performed at the preoperative, postoperative, restoration, and follow-up stages. Marginal bone loss, during healing, and the survival rate were retrospectively analyzed. Results Implant protrusion lengths (IPL: 3–5 mm) significantly influenced NBF during the healing period (P-value = 0.026, Odds Ratio = 1.15, 95% confidence interval = 1.02- 1.30). Bone grafting was correlated with NBF (P-value = 0.001). The distance between the implant and lateral wall of the sinus (mesial: P-value = 0.041, distal: P-value = 0.019, buccal: P-value = 0.032, lingual: P-value = 0.043) and angle between the implant and sinus floor significantly influenced NBF in four directions (mesial: P-value = 0.041, distal: P-value = 0.02, buccal: P-value = 0.047, lingual: P-value = 0.005). Implant shape (cylindrical or conical), perforations, smoking, and diabetes did not significantly affect NBF during the healing period (P > 0.05). Conclusion Increasing the distance and angle between the implant and lateral wall of the sinus floor corresponded with reduced NBF. IPL may be an important factor that should be considered. Clinical relevance Our study analyzed new bone formation following transcrestal sinus floor elevation among patients who underwent this procedure with simultaneous implant placement, several factors (including angle and distance between sinus and lateral wall and implant protrusion length) were included in our study.

A nomogram prediction of implant apical non‐coverage on bone‐added transcrestal sinus floor elevation: A retrospective cohort study

“…It is widely recognized as an effective method for creating sufficient bone volume in the posterior maxilla for dental implant placement. An important factor in determining the clinical success of TSFE is the assessment of new bone formation (NBF) resulting from the procedure (Lin et al., 2022). To achieve successful outcomes, maintaining the osteogenic height, which refers to the space between the implant apex and the elevated membrane for NBF, is crucial.…”

“…Various patient and operator factors, such as the anatomy of the maxillary sinus, surgical expertise, and instrument selection, may also influence bone augmentation outcomes (Huang, Ban, et al., 2021). In recent years, anatomical factors have gained increased attention (Lin et al., 2022) for their potential impact on the endo‐sinus space preservation beneath the elevated Schneiderian membrane (Dahlin et al., 1988) and endo‐sinus bone remodeling (Thor et al., 2007). Specifically, the pronounced angles of the sinus, such as those in the anterior walls or septa, contribute to surgical complexities (Danesh‐Sani et al., 2016; French et al., 2015).…”