Faktor Risiko yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Pneumonia pada Balita di Puskesmas Ikur Koto Kota Padang

Abstract

<jats:p>The occurrence of pneumonia is related to many factor such as the age of toddler, sex of the toddler, the low birth weight, history of giving exclusive breastfeeding, measles immunization history, DPT immunization history, Hib immunization history, mother’s occupation, mother’s education and family members who are smoker. The aim of this research was to find out risk factor related to pneumonia occurrence in toddler in Puskesmas Ikur Koto Padang city in 2017. This research used case control design, samples consisted of 30 cases and 30 controls. Data was collected by using questioner and it was anlyzed with chi square test, kolmogrov smirnov and logistic regression test. The result was obtained that pneumonia toddler who were 12-48 months were 76.7%, the sex was male (60%), birth weight was ≥2500 gram (90%), there was no exclusive breastfeeding (73.3%), nutritional status was normal (66.7%), there was no measles immunization (80%), toddler did not receive DPT immunization (66.7%), there was no Hib immunization (50%), mothers who work (60%), high and middle education (40%), smokers family member beside the mother (90%). bivariate result showed that there was significant relation between pneumonia and exclusive breastfeeding history (p value= 0,00), measles immunization (p value =0,00), DPT immunization history (p value= 0,00), Hib Immunization history (p value= 0,032), and mother’s occupation (p value =0,020). in multivariate analysis, there was significant relation between exclusive breastfeeding history, measles immunization history, mothers’ occupation with the occurrence of pneumonia. There was no significant relation between age of toddler, sex, birth weight, nutritional status, mother’s education and smokers in family member with the occurrence of pneumonia</jats:p>

Correlation of Exclusive Breastfeeding and Cigarette Smoke Exposure With Pneumonia in Children Under Two Years

“…In that study showed the OR score obtained was 3.1, which meant that mothers with a low level of education have a 3.14 times greater risk of their child (<2 years) developing pneumonia compared to mothers who have a high level of education. This was in line with research by Rigustia, Zeffira, & Vani (2019) that also stated that mothers with low education have a 0.95 times greater risk of having children with pneumonia than mothers who have higher education. A mother's education will affect the quality of care given to their child (Mustikarani, Rahardjo, Qadridjati, & Prasetya, 2019).…”

“…The OR score obtained was 3.50, meaning that children aged less than two years who were not given exclusive breastfeeding had a 3.50 times greater risk of developing pneumonia compared to children who were given exclusive breastfeeding. This was in line with research conducted by Rigustia, Zeffira, & Vani (2019) stating that exclusive breastfeeding is one of the dominant factors of pneumonia with an OR score of 7.40, meaning that children who are not given exclusive breastfeeding have a 7.40 times greater risk of developing pneumonia compared to children given exclusive breastfeeding.…”

“…This is not in line with research in Padang city which states that there is a relationship between immunization status and the incidence of pneumonia in children. This difference occurs because almost all respondents have complete immunization status (Rigustia, Zeffira, & Vani, 2019).…”

Determinants of Pneumonia in Toddlers in Jambi City

“…The results obtained certainly caused some debate and were unexpected. Another research, whose results were also not in agreement, was conducted by Rigustia, Zeffira, & Vani (2019). They stated there was no relationship between nutritional status and the incidence of pneumonia in toddlers, with p value=0.79.…”

Hubungan Lingkungan Fisik Rumah dengan Kejadian Pneumonia pada Balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Plumbon

“…Pneumonia pada balita dapat menyebabkan balita yang meninggal sekitar 2.500 anak setiap harinya. Secara statistik, balita yang meninggal di seluruh dunia akibat pneumonia pada tahun 2015 adalah 16 % dari semua kematian pada balita yaitu sebanyak 920.136 anak (2).…”