Fall Tillage Reduced Nutrient Loads from Liquid Manure Application during the Freezing Season

Stock, Melanie; Arriaga, Francisco J.; Vadas, Peter; Good, Laura Ward; Casler, Michael D.; Karthikeyan, K. G.; Zopp, Zachariah P.

doi:10.2134/jeq2018.11.0417

Cited by 17 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Conversely, results from Stock et al. (2019) and the current study found manure application to unfrozen soils in the fall reduced losses of nutrients. In the current study, post‐graze simulations were not able to occur until after snowmelt had occurred for logistical and safety reasons.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 75%

Water quality of an integrated crop–livestock system in the northern Great Plains

Faust

Liebig

Toledo

et al. 2020

Agrosystems Geosci & Env

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Impacts of integrated crop–livestock (ICL) systems on water quality have not been well studied. Water quality parameters were quantified for two 30‐min rainfall simulations in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)–cover crop, cover crop, and rangeland grass control phases of a long‐term ICL study site in Mandan, ND, in 2017 and 2018. Both pre‐graze and post‐graze simulations were conducted. Nitrate‐N (NO3−–N), nitrite‐N (NO2−–N), ammonia‐N (NH4+–N), phosphate‐P (PO43−–P), and total suspended solid (TSS) concentrations and loads were evaluated in surface runoff water, along with concentrations of NO3−–N, NO2−–N, NH4+–N, and PO43−–P in infiltration water. Non‐parametric ranked two‐way analysis of variance was used to evaluate differences for vegetation type and grazing as fixed effects, with year as a random effect. Surface runoff concentrations of NO3−–N and NH4+–N were significantly different with cover crop and wheat phases being greater than grass. A grazing effect was also observed with pre‐graze significantly greater than post graze for NO2−–N, NH4+–N, PO43−–P, and TSS surface runoff concentrations. For infiltration water concentrations, similar significant effects of vegetation type were observed for NO3−–N and PO43−–P, while pre‐graze was also greater than post‐graze for NO2−–N and PO43−–P. Due to variable runoff volumes, no significant differences were observed for loads of any parameters. Minimal runoff volumes (0–6.7 L) and significant vegetation and grazing effects in nutrient infiltration water concentrations highlight the importance of infiltration in such studies, particularly at sites in the northern Great Plains.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 75%

Water quality of an integrated crop–livestock system in the northern Great Plains

Faust

Liebig

Toledo

et al. 2020

Agrosystems Geosci & Env

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“…Overall, during the nongrowing season and early growing season of cold climates, actual evapotranspiration is low and the precipitation/evapotranspiration ratio is relatively high, resulting in high runoff potential. This can elevate the risk of nutrient losses in cold climates, particularly when there is a supply of nutrients from sources such as fertilizer, manure (Stock et al, 2019; Vadas et al, 2019), plant materials (Costa et al, 2019; Liu et al, 2019b), and surface soils (Liu et al, 2019a; Wilson et al, 2019b).…”

Section: Agronomic Biogeochemical and Hydrological Characteristics mentioning

confidence: 99%

Agricultural Water Quality in Cold Climates: Processes, Drivers, Management Options, and Research Needs

et al. 2019

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Cold agricultural regions are important sites of global food production. This has contributed to widespread water quality degradation influenced by processes and hydrologic pathways that differ from warm region analogues. In cold regions, snowmelt is often a dominant period of nutrient loss. Freeze-thaw processes contribute to nutrient mobilization. Frozen ground can limit infiltration and interaction with soils, and minimal nutrient uptake during the nongrowing season may govern nutrient export from agricultural catchments. This paper reviews agronomic, biogeochemical, and hydrological characteristics of cold agricultural regions and synthesizes findings of 23 studies that are published in this special section, which provide new insights into nutrient cycling and hydrochemical processes, model developments, and the efficacy of different potentially beneficial management practices (BMPs) across varied cold regions. Growing evidence suggests the need to redefine optimum soil phosphorus levels and input regimes in cold regions to allow achievement of water quality targets while still supporting strong agricultural productivity. Practices should be considered through a regional and site-specific lens, due to potential interactions between climate, hydrology, vegetation, and soils, which influence the efficacy of nutrient, crop, water, and riparian buffer management. This leads to differing suitability of BMPs across varied cold agricultural regions. We propose a systematic approach ("CUPCAKE"), to achieve water quality objectives in variable and changing climates, which combines nutrient transport process Conceptualization, Understanding BMP functions, Predicting effects of variability and change, Consideration of producer input and agronomic and environmental tradeoffs, practice Adaptation, Knowledge mobilization, and Evaluation of water quality improvement.

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“…Our objectives were (i) to describe how manure application timing and runoff hydrology control dissolved P concentrations in runoff from field plots receiving liquid dairy manure, and (ii) to determine if the SurPhos manure P runoff simulation model (Vadas et al, 2007) can reliably predict dissolved P concentrations in runoff for the experimental winter conditions. Stock et al (2019a) describe the approach used in the field study and the effects of application timing and tillage on nutrient runoff loads (kg ha −1 ). This paper focuses on dissolved P runoff concentrations to better understand and model P runoff dynamics as a function of source (P available in manure) and hydrology (both the rain and snowmelt water that mobilizes available manure P and the percentage of this water that becomes runoff ).…”

Section: Dynamics Of Measured and Simulated Dissolved Phosphorus In Runoff From Winter-applied Dairy Manurementioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of Measured and Simulated Dissolved Phosphorus in Runoff from Winter‐Applied Dairy Manure

et al. 2019

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Fall Tillage Reduced Nutrient Loads from Liquid Manure Application during the Freezing Season

Abstract: Abbreviations: CT, fall tillage with a chisel plow and spring finisher; CT-C, fall tillage and unmanured control treatment; CT-D, fall tillage treatment with December manure application timing; CT-J, fall tillage treatment with January manure application

Cited by 17 publications

References 44 publications

Water quality of an integrated crop–livestock system in the northern Great Plains

Water quality of an integrated crop–livestock system in the northern Great Plains

Agricultural Water Quality in Cold Climates: Processes, Drivers, Management Options, and Research Needs

Dynamics of Measured and Simulated Dissolved Phosphorus in Runoff from Winter‐Applied Dairy Manure

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