Fascioliasis: An Ongoing Zoonotic Trematode Infection

Nyindo, Mramba; Lukambagire, AbdulHamid S.

doi:10.1155/2015/786195

Cited by 107 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Moreover, it could be hypothesized that the reduction of infection in animals accompanied by very hot and dry environmental condition at summer [30]. A distinct seasonal pattern for fasciolosis among herbivores was reported in most of epidemiological surveys [37,44-48]. All studies had a common point that, the rainier the season, the more fasciolosis infection indicated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A reducing trend of fasciolosis in slaughtered animals based on abattoir data in South of Iran

et al. 2016

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Aim:Fascioliasis is a zoonosis infection caused by the liver trematodes (Fasciola spp.) which have been considered to be an important disease in livestock. After several large outbreaks, fascioliasis remains one of the serious health concerns of Iran. This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence and possible trends of fascioliasis in slaughtered animals in South of Iran based on abattoir data during a period of 5 years.Materials and Methods:The daily records for cattle, sheep, and goats slaughtered in the abattoir were extracted from the archived documents of the recent 5 years (2011-2015) and used as the source of data. The collected data were statistically analyzed for finding any probable correlation between the various factors associated with fasciolosis.Results:Our results showed that 3.44% of all slaughtered animals during 2011-2015 were infected with Fasciola spp. The mean prevalence of fasciolosis for cattle, sheep, and goat was 11.15%, 5.22%, and 2.15%, respectively. In addition, the highest infection rate was in winter (4.02%), and the lowest were entered in summer (2.86%).Conclusion:Our findings showed a reducing trend during the 5 years. Improving the animal husbandry and increasing the awareness through fasciolosis may be a logical explanation for this trend. Since there have been suggested numerous factors associated with the epidemiology of fasciolosis, further studies seem essential for better clarifying the various aspects of fasciolosis in areas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A reducing trend of fasciolosis in slaughtered animals based on abattoir data in South of Iran

et al. 2016

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“…Among the four major groups of FBT infections recognized as neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) by the World Health Organization [2], fascioliasis stands out due to its zoonotic impact on both human and animal health [3]. Fasciola species are major pathogens of domesticated ruminants, but they infect numerous other species of mammals, including people [4]. Due to the significant burden to livestock globally, with annual losses exceeding US $3.2 billion [5] and public health with ~50 million infected people [4], these parasites are among the most-extensively studied FBTs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fasciola species are major pathogens of domesticated ruminants, but they infect numerous other species of mammals, including people [4]. Due to the significant burden to livestock globally, with annual losses exceeding US $3.2 billion [5] and public health with ~50 million infected people [4], these parasites are among the most-extensively studied FBTs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomes of Fasciola hepatica from the Americas Reveal Colonization with Neorickettsia Endobacteria Related to the Agents of Potomac Horse and Human Sennetsu Fevers

et al. 2017

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Food borne trematodes (FBTs) are an assemblage of platyhelminth parasites transmitted through the food chain, four of which are recognized as neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). Fascioliasis stands out among the other NTDs due to its broad and significant impact on both human and animal health, as Fasciola sp., are also considered major pathogens of domesticated ruminants. Here we present a reference genome sequence of the common liver fluke, Fasciola hepatica isolated from sheep, complementing previously reported isolate from cattle. A total of 14,642 genes were predicted from the 1.14 GB genome of the liver fluke. Comparative genomics indicated that F. hepatica Oregon and related food-borne trematodes are metabolically less constrained than schistosomes and cestodes, taking advantage of the richer millieux offered by the hepatobiliary organs. Protease families differentially expanded between diverse trematodes may facilitate migration and survival within the heterogeneous environments and niches within the mammalian host. Surprisingly, the sequencing of Oregon and Uruguay F. hepatica isolates led to the first discovery of an endobacteria in this species. Two contigs from the F. hepatica Oregon assembly were joined to complete the 859,205 bp genome of a novel Neorickettsia endobacterium (nFh) closely related to the etiological agents of human Sennetsu and Potomac horse fevers. Immunohistochemical studies targeting a Neorickettsia surface protein found nFh in specific organs and tissues of the adult trematode including the female reproductive tract, eggs, the Mehlis’ gland, seminal vesicle, and oral suckers, suggesting putative routes for fluke-to-fluke and fluke-to-host transmission. The genomes of F. hepatica and nFh will serve as a resource for further exploration of the biology of F. hepatica, and specifically its newly discovered trans-kingdom interaction with nFh and the impact of both species on disease in ruminants and humans.

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“…7 Over the past three decade fasciolosis is recognized as an important emerging zoonotic disease of human and categorized as neglected tropical disease (NTD). 8 The incidence of human fasciolosis has also been reported in different state of India. 9 Life cycle of these trematodes involve snail Lymnaea acuminata as intermediate host.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Inhibition Kinetics of Acetylcholinesterase and Phosphatases by the Active Constituents of Terminalia arjuna and Tamarindus indica in the Cerebral Ganglion of Lymnaea acuminata

Soni¹,

Singh²,

Singh³

2017

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Introduction: Paper demonstrates effect of the active molluscicidal components arjunolic acid (Terminalia arjuna bark) and procynadine (Tamarindus indica seed) on the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and phosphatases (ACP/ALP) in the cerebral ganglion of snail Lymnaea acuminata. Materials and Methods: Kinetics of AChE/ACP/ ALP inhibition in the cerebral ganglion of snail Lymnaea acuminata was studied via in vivo (40% and 80% of 96 h LC 50 ) and in vitro treatments (0.3 µg to 7.0 µg) of the column purified fractions, arjunolic acid and procynadine. Results: In vivo exposure of procynadine and arjunolic acid significantly inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE), acid phosphatase (ACP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities in the cerebral ganglion of L. acuminata exposed to 80% of 96h LC 50 . In in vitro treatment maximum inhibition in AChE/ACP/ALP activities in the cerebral ganglion of snail were noted when exposed to 7.0 µg of arjunolic acid and 0.9 µg of procynadine. Column purified fraction of T. arjuna bark and T. indica seed caused non-competitive and uncompetitive inhibition of AChE activity, respectively. Column purified fraction and arjunolic acid of T. arjuna bark caused uncompetitive inhibition of ACP while column purified fraction and procynadine of T. indica seed caused competitive inhibition. Competitivenon-competitive inhibition of ALP activity in the cerebral ganglion of L. acuminata was observed after treatment of column purified active components of both plants. Conclusions: The molluscicidal activity of T. arjuna bark (arjunolic acid) and T. indica seed (procynadine) against snail L. acuminata is due to the inhibition of AChE/ACP/ ALP. Their inhibition kinetics against AChE/ACP/ALP, were different in cerebral ganglion of snail.

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Fascioliasis: An Ongoing Zoonotic Trematode Infection

Cited by 107 publications

References 79 publications

A reducing trend of fasciolosis in slaughtered animals based on abattoir data in South of Iran

A reducing trend of fasciolosis in slaughtered animals based on abattoir data in South of Iran

Genomes of Fasciola hepatica from the Americas Reveal Colonization with Neorickettsia Endobacteria Related to the Agents of Potomac Horse and Human Sennetsu Fevers

Inhibition Kinetics of Acetylcholinesterase and Phosphatases by the Active Constituents of Terminalia arjuna and Tamarindus indica in the Cerebral Ganglion of Lymnaea acuminata

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